St. Francis and the Americas - PDF Free Download (2024)

Bibliography  

San Francisco y las Américas/ St. Francis and the Americas

Franciscan-Amerindian Dialogs   Multicultural, Multiracial, Multilingual  

This bibliography covers the entire San Francisco y las Américas/Saint Francis and the Americas (SFA) project in which Franciscan-Amerindian Dialogs (FAD) is a major component and has a special place. The bibliographic entries appear in numerous languages. There are the European languages including Catalán, English, French, Italian, Latin, Portuguese, Spanish, and others. Because the project makes extensive use of manuscripts and archival materials, especially from the Middle Ages, the language varieties that evolved many years later into the major European languages are amply covered. Although the Americas are the focus of this project, there is necessarily some attention to other areas, and, accordingly, references in languages such as Arabic, Japanese, Mandarin, Filipino (the standard register of Tagalog), Persian, and Turkish sometimes appear. References in Aramaic, classical Greek, Hebrew, and other languages of antiquity can also be found. There is a closer connection with the original languages of the Old Testament than might be expected at first glance. The first pioneering Franciscans believed the Americas or parts of them to be Edenic and were motivated to build a New Jerusalem in Mesoamerica that would even include the Muslim Dome of the Rock (transliterated Arabic, Qubbat As-Sakhrah). They contemplated building not the Second Temple that had been destroyed, but the temple that was the vision of Ezekiel. This new temple, sometimes called the Third Temple (Ezekiel 40-48), was to be built at Huejotzingo, where in fact construction was begun. Today San Francisco (Saint Francis, San Francesco) is recognized and intensely admired throughout the world by Christians, persons of other faiths, and nonbelievers alike. For example, leaders such as Mikhail Gorbachev have written passionately about Saint Francis. Precisely because the saint’s influence goes beyond Christianity, the SFA project and its bibliography cover this aspect at a modest level. Thanks to the scholarly work of Franciscan-Amerindian Dialogs, this bibliography includes a large number of entries in Maya, mexicano (Nahuatl), Mixtec, Quechua, Zapotec, and other Amerindian languages. Native American texts in facsimiles of their original form are frequently referenced. 1

Taking advantage of high technology and the ease with which bibliographies can be updated and made available, this bibliography is meant to be a sort of “from here to eternity” project. It is a work in progress, and its founding organizations and individual members shape the project in accordance with their interests and the needs of its members. Both organizations and individuals can become members of SFA. Currently, there are approximately 600 individuals and organizations who collaborate in the project and who receive advance announcements of significant SFA entries or components. For information on how to become a member, see http://stfrancis.clas.asu.edu/project. Consult this web page also to review the guiding principles of SFA including FAD. A few things that are in that section are highlighted here:  

• The project is open to participation by everyone interested in the topic, whether they be Christians, practitioners of other religions, or simply those keenly interested in Saint Francis and franciscanismo. • Both FAD and its mother project, SFA, are free of all charges to members and other users.  • SFA is cooperative and based on voluntarism. It has no established budget. Certain projects within the SFA rubric are being sponsored, funded, and produced by specific member organizations from their own resources or through third parties. SFA is open-ended. SFA provides member organizations, nonmember groups, and interested individuals with the opportunity to collaborate on projects and explore and develop ideas. It provides links to other related websites that the project has reviewed. • Our website provides the opportunity to enhance and expand the bibliography section, to research and write articles, to engage in electronic scholarly publication and blogging, and to initiate cooperative projects such as DVD production. • The project aspires to lend itself to additions and revisions by all who use it, subject to review by the web administrators and monitors at the Hispanic Research Center of Arizona State University. • Finally, SFA is not only for the community but also by it. Organizations and individual members are encouraged to submit information and comments for posting on the site, and we also provide links to the participating institutions’ websites.

The SFA and its FAD component bibliography are meant to break the conventional mold. The overall bibliography is designed to be updated often and thus to maintain its shelf life indefinitely. The SFA project privileges the visual in all components including its bibliography. The visual component is quite valuable. For example, the earliest Spanish books on the language spoken by the Aztecs call it mexicano. The use of the term Nahuatl (Spanish náhuatl) comes much later. The title pages of those books, included in this bibliography, highlight that reality. SFA provides a wide range of information on the people connected to Franciscanism. It covers Saint Francis (San Francisco), Saint Clare (Santa Clara), and franciscanismo or Franciscanism (generously defined to include other important figures such as Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz). We include Saint Agnes of Assisi, San Antonio de Padua, Saint Bonaventure, and a host of other figures of direct importance to the Americas, including Bishop Juan de Zumárraga, Fray

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Bernardino de Sahagún, Fray Junípero Serra, and many others. There is considerable attention devoted to the painters of Saint Francis, including Cimabue, Giotto, El Greco, Rubens, and many others. We invite those interested in Saint Francis to participate in this project. We can accept information in English, Spanish, or other languages. To submit information or discuss your idea, please contact:

Gary Francisco Keller Director Hispanic Research Center Arizona State University PO Box 875303 Tempe, AZ 85287-5303 Email: [emailprotected]

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Table of Contents Primary Sources   6

Facsimile Online Manuscripts   7

European    7

Mexicano (Nahuatl) Related    9

Maya Related    10

Other Mesoamerican    12

Latin American, Colonial (European languages)    12

Published Texts   12

European    12

Mexicano (Nahuatl) Related    13

Maya Related    22

Other Mesoamerican    23

Latin American, Colonial (European languages)    23

Topics   25

Apparitions and Miracles   25

Our Lady of Guadalupe    25

La Conquistadora/Our Lady of Peace (Northern New Mexico)    29

Nuestra Señora de Zapopan (Virgen de la Inmaculada Concepción, Virgen de la Expectación)    29

Art and Architecture   29

Leyenda Negra and Leyenda Blanca   35

Linguistics   38

Affixes    38

Diachronic Linguistics    40

Literature   43

Location-Specific Texts   44

Arizona    44

Assisi    45

Cádiz    46

Ciudad Rodrigo    46

Cortona    46

Cusco (Cuzco)    47

Gubbio    49

Iberian Peninsula, Overall    49

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La Verna    49

León    49

Mexico    49

Oxford    49

Peru    49

Rome    50

Sacri monti/Montañas sagradas/Sacred Mountains    50

San Antonio, Texas    50

Santa Catalina de Guale (St. Catherines Island, Georgia)    50

Santiago de Compostela and Pilgrimage to the City    50

Spain    51

Subiaco, Italy    51

Tagliacozzo    51

Tenochtitlan    52

Teotihuacan    52

Tula    52

Yuste, Spain    52

Zacatecas    52

Music and Music Related (Dance, Song, and Other)   53

Policy and Law   53

Secondary Sources   55

Book Reviews   85

Electronic Resources   87

Websites (Includes libraries, project reports, archives, dictionaries, and others)   87

Timelines   88

General    88

Florida    89

Georgia    89

Our Lady of Guadalupe and St. Juan Diego    89

CDs and DVDs   89

Wikipedia and Similar Entries   90

E-Journals   91

Streaming Images   91

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Bibliography  

Primary Sources   This part of the bibliography focuses primarily, but not exclusively, on references that cover the pre-Hispanic perod. The chronology for pre-Hispanic Mesoamerica follows:

John Pohl’s, MESOAMERICA. http://www.famsi.org/research/pohl/chronology.html

Concerning the primary sources referenced in this document.  Many of

these sources are hand made and often there is only one copy, the original. However, some sources have an extremely small number of additional copies transcribed completely, or in part, from the original and sometimes changed by the author(s) of the copies. In the ancient world, including during the Roman period, the dominant form of literary dissemination was the scroll. Its gradual replacement by the codex has been called the most important advance in book making before the invention of printing (Roberts and Skeat, 1983), and it lasted for centuries. European, mid-Eastern, and other non-Amerindian codices featured hand-written content customarily constructed of sheets of paper, vellum (animal skins, especially calf for very fine documents), parchment, papyrus, and similar materials. Bookmakers of the period usually bound their works by stacking the pages and fixing one edge, and adding a cover that was thicker than the sheets. Some codices were continuously folded like a concertina. Mayan codices have the same folded feature. In contrast to the materials of Europe and Asia, Amerindian writing usually comes from the inner bark of certain trees, the main being the wild fig tree, mexicano: āmatl; Spanish: amate. A number of terms taken from European languages are used to describe the works of pre-Hispanic Amerindians. Many sources were written in the 16th and 17th centuries in colonial Latin America. Such terms include: anales, codex, codices, códice, lienzo, relación, and others. There is no standardization of the meanings of these terms. Additionally, many of these archival sources have titles with different names. Some of them designate where the work is located, such as El códice florentino or Florentine Codex. However, the Florentine Codex is known more precisely as Historia General de Las Cosas de La Nueva España. The word cosas does not have the meaning that we ascribe to it today. It is a translation of the Latin res (e.g., res publica, or public matter, the root word for republic; in medias res, a technique where the relation of a story begins either at the mid-point or at the conclusion rather than at the beginning). Cosa Nostra is best translated as Our Affair, not Our Thing.

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Other codices that reflect their physical home are the Madrid Codex, Dresden Codex, Paris Codex, and so on. However, the Madrid Codex is also known as the Tro-Cortesianus Codex; The Paris Codex is also known as the Peresianus Codex; and the Dresden Codex is often designated by its Latin name, Codex Dresdensis. There has been no attempt in the references that follow to give a complete list of all the overlapping names of these sources. Simply, the name given below is that by which the source usually appears in libraries or online archives that we have consulted and listed.

Facsimile Online Manuscripts  

European  

Basilica Papale e Sacro Convento de San Francesco in Assisi. http://www.sanfrancescoassisi.org/en/?dir=storia&lang=eng&url=index.htm  

Chrysostom, St. John. “The Praise of Poverty.” Online facsimile. https://franciscan-archive.org/franciscana/povertas.html  

Escritos de San Francisco de Asís en latín: Opuscula Omnia Sancti Francisci Assisiensis. Online facsimiles. http://www.franciscanos.org/esfa/omfra.html http://www.vocealta.info/lectiones/scripta_sanctorum/franciscus/  

The Fioretti of Saint Francis http://www.paxetbonum.net/fioretti_text_E.html#1  

Fordham University’s Internet Medieval Sourcebook. “The Testament of St. Francis.” Online facsimile. http://legacy.fordham.edu/halsall/source/stfran-test.html  

The Franciscan Friars, Tor. “The Testament of St. Francis.” Online facsimile. http://www.franciscanfriarstor.com/archive/stfrancis/stf_st_francis’_testament.htm  

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Franciscan Institute Outreach – Malta. The Franciscan Experience: Living the Gospel Through the Centuries. http://198.62.75.1/www1/ofm/fra/FRAmain.html  

Muscat, Noel, OFM. “No One Showed me What I Had to Do: The Life of Saint Francis of Assisi as Seen in His Testament.” Province of Saint Paul the Apostle, Malta: Franciscan Friars Minor, 2007. http://i-tau.com/franstudies/notes/Writings/Testament%20SF.pdf   

Pope Innocent III. Sicut manifestum est: On the Privilege of Poverty for the Foundress and Sisters of the Poor Clares. Online facsimile. https://franciscan-archive.org/bullarium/sicutman.html  

San Buenaventura. Vida de San Francisco de Asís. 28 secciones. Textos de San Buenaventura e ilustraciones de Giotto. Online facsimile. http://www.franciscanos.org/buenaventura/menu.html  

“San Francisco y el lobo de Gubbio. Cómo San Francisco amansó, por virtud divina, un lobo ferocísimo.” From Florecillas de San Francisco, Capítulo XXI. Online facsimile. http://www.franciscanos.org/sfa/gubbio.html  

“Tomás de Celano: Vida primera de San Francisco.” Introducción por Lázaro Iriarte, o.f.m.cap., traducción por Francisco Sagüés, o.f.m. Texto tomado de San Francisco de Asís. Escritos. Biografías. Documentos de la época, edición preparada por José Antonio Guerra, o.f.m., págs. 135-228. 7ª edición. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos, 1998. http://www.franciscanos.org/fuentes/1Cel00.html  

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Mexicano (Nahuatl) Related  

Catholic Church. Evangeliarium, epistolarium et lectionarium Aztecum sive Mexicanum ex antiquo codice Mexicano nuper reperto. https://openlibrary.org/works/OL16873161W/Evangeliarium_epistolarium_ et_lectionarium_Aztecum_sive_Mexicanum_ex_antiquo_codice_Mexicano_ nuper_r  

Codex Borbonicus. Bibliothéque Du Palais Bourbon, Loubat, 1899. http://www.famsi.org/research/loubat/Borbonicus/thumbs0.html  

Codex Fejérváry-Mayer. Museum of the City of Liverpool. http://www.famsi.org/research/graz/fejervary_mayer/index.html  

Bibliothek der Berlin-Brandenburgischen Akademie der Wissenschaften (BBAW)  

Codex Fejéváry-Mayer (Loubat 1901) http://www.famsi.org/research/loubat/Fejervary/thumbs0.html  

Codex Mendoza http://publicdomainreview.org/collections/codex-mendoza-1542/  

Códice Chavero, here called the Chavero Codex of Huexotzingo. Nahuatl hosted by the World Digital Library http://www.wdl.org/en/item/3246/  

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Códice del Marquesado del Valle, here called the Marquesado del Valle Codex. Access provided by the World Digital Library (can be downloaded in PDF) http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9681/view/1/1/  

Códice Osuna, here called the Painting of the Governor, Mayors, and Rulers of Mexico. Access provided by the World Digital Library (can be downloaded in PDF) http://www.wdl.org/en/item/7324/  

Códices mexicanos [there are a few visuals for each] http://web.archive.org/web/20091026221017/http://mx.geocities.com/marioluis_ llano/codices/indice.html  

[Dogmas of the Church and devotional materials in Nahuatl]. John Carter Brown Library, Indigenous Collection. Mexico City, 1572. https://archive.org/details/dogmasofchurchde00unkn.  

Sahagún, Fray Bernardino de. General history of the things of New Spain [Florentine Codex], Digitized facsimile of the twelve-book codex. Includes fullcolor illustrations. The 8.5” x 11.5” pages are in 300 dpi TIF format, and each image is approximately 25 megabytes. See: http://bilingualpress.clas.asu.edu/product/florentine-codex For online: http://www.wdl.org/en/item/10096/view/1/48/  

Matrícula de Tributos, here called the Tribute Roll. Access provided by the World Digital Library http://www.wdl.org/en/item/3248/  

Ripalda de la Compañía de Jesus, El Padre Geronymo de. Catecismo mexicano, que contiene toda la Doctrina Christiana con todas sus Declaraciones: En que el Ministro de Almas hallará, lo que a estas debe enseñar: Y estas hallarán lo que, para salvarse, deben saber, creer, y observar. Original from the Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Mexico City: Biblioteca Mexicana, 1758. http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=ucm.5323538318;view=1up;seq=1.  

Santos y Salazar, Manuel de los. Colloquio yn quenin oquimaxili yn tlaçomahuiz quauhnepanolli Sancta Cruz intlacemicnopilhuiani S[anta] Elena. John Carter Brown Library, Indigenous Collection. Tlaxcala, Mexico, 1714. https://archive.org/details/colloquioynqueni00sant.  

Techialoyan codex of Cuajimalpa. Access provided by the World Digital Library (can be downloaded in PDF) http://www.wdl.org/en/item/9682/  

Vetancourt, Augustín de. De contemptu omnium vanitatum huius mundi. John Carter Brown Library, Indigenous Collection. Mexico City, 1700. https://archive.org/details/decontemptuomniu00bern.  

Vetancourt, Augustín de. Nexcuitil Machiotl quimoteittitila. Yn to nantzin. Santa Yglesia ytechpa tlâtohua. Çe tlâtlacohuani Aic chipahualiztica. Omoyolcuiti Ocentelchihualoc Mictlan. John Carter Brown Library, Indigenous Collection. Mexico City, 1749. https://archive.org/details/nexcuitilmachiot00veta. Maya Related  

Chilam Balam at Wikipedia https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chilam_Balam https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilam_Balam  

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Dresden Codex (also Codex Dresdensis) http://digital.slubdresden.de/fileadmin/data/280742827/280742827_tif/ jpegs/280742827.pdf http://www.famsi.org/research/graz/dresdensis/thumbs_0.html http://www.famsi.org/mayawriting/codices/dresden.html  

Grolier Codex (sometimes referred to as the Sáenz Codex) Coe, Michael D. “The Grolier Codex” (PDF). Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies (FAMSI), 1973. Retrieved 2013-04-15. http://www.famsi.org/mayawriting/codices/grolier.html http://www.famsi.org/mayawriting/codices/pdf/grolier_kerr.pdf http://www.mayavase.com/grol/grolier.html  

Madrid Codex (also known as the Tro-Cortesianus Codex or the Troano Codex) FAMSI. “Maya Hieroglyphic Writing–The Ancient Maya Codices: The Madrid Codex.” Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies. http://www.famsi.org/mayawriting/codices/madrid.html http://www.famsi.org/mayawriting/codices/pdf/madrid_rosny_bb.pdf https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Madrid_Codex  

Marhenke, Randa. Maya Hierolyphic Writing: The Ancient Maya Codices (contains online Grolier, Madrid, and Paris Codices plus Dreden Codex) http://www.famsi.org/mayawriting/codices/marhenke.html  

Maya Codices at Wikipedia https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maya_codices  

Maya Writing at Authentic Maya http://www.authenticmaya.com/maya_writing.htm  

Mixtec, Aztec, Maya Codices at Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies (Famsi) http://www.famsi.org/research/graz/index.html  

Paris Codex (also known as the Codex Peresianus and Codex Pérez) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Paris_Codex  

Paris Codex at the website of the Bibliothèque Nacionale de France (2011), with public domain images of the original document. http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8446947j.r=peresianus.langEN  

Paris Codex at the website of Northwestern University Library, with reconstructed images of pages http://digital.library.northwestern.edu/codex/ http://www.famsi.org/mayawriting/codices/pdf/paris_love.pdf  

Popol Vuh (also Popol Vuj) https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Popol_Vuh https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Popol_Vuh(Spanish) http://library.osu.edu/projects/popolwuj/ http://www.mesoweb.com/publications/Christenson/PV-Literal.pdf  

Popol Vuh at Meta Religion http://www.metareligion.com/World_Religions/Ancient_religions/Central_america/ popol_vuh.htm#.VZlwoO1VhBc  

Roys, Ralph L. The Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel. Washington, D.C.: Carnegie Institution, 1933. (Access online.)  

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Tobin, Thomas J. The Construction of the Codex In Classic- and PostclassicPeriod Maya Civilization. http://www.mathcs.duq.edu/~tobin/maya/ Other Mesoamerican  

The Codex Waecker-Gotter, also known as the Codex Sanchez-Solís or Codex Egerton (Mixtec) http://www.britishmuseum.org/research/collection_online/collection_object_ details.aspx?objectId=477385&partId=1&place=42061&plaA=42061-2-20&page=1  

The Codex Zouche-Nuttall or Codex Tonindeye (Mixtec) http://www.famsi.org/research/graz/zouche_nuttall/thumbs_0.html  

Códice de Huamantla. Hosted by the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia and made accessible by the World Digital Library; an Otomí community pictorial with some Nahua stylistics but no Nahuatl inscriptions. http://www.wdl.org/en/item/3244/ Latin American, Colonial (European languages)  

De promulgando evangelio apud barbaros sive De procuranda indorum salute, Libri sex. Complutense University Library of Madrid. http://www.europeana.eu/portal/record/9200110/ BibliographicResource_1000126603267.html  

Histoire naturelle et morale des Indes, tant Orientales, qu’Occidentales. : où il est traicté des choses remarquables du ciel, des elemens ... qui sont propres de ce pays, : ensemble des murs, ceremonies ... des mesmes Indiens. 1617 French translation of Historia natural y moral de las Indias. Seville, 1590. https://archive.org/details/histoirenaturell00acos

Published Texts (Often with transcriptions and/or translations)  

European  

Armstrong, Regis J. Clare of Assisi: Early Documents. New York: Paulist Press, 1988.  

Armstrong, Regis J., ed. and trans. The Lady, Clare of Assisi: Early Documents. New York: New City Press, 2006.  

Armstrong, Regis J., J. A. Wayne Hellmann, and William J. Short. Francis of Assisi. Founder. Early Documents. Vol. II. New York: New City Press, 2000.  

Armstrong, Regis J., J. A. Wayne Hellmann, and William J. Short. Francis of Assisi. Index. Early Documents. New York: New City Press, 2001.  

Armstrong, Regis J., J. A. Wayne Hellmann, and William J. Short. Francis of Assisi. The Prophet. Early Documents. Vol. III. New York: New City Press, 2001.  

Armstrong, Regis J., J. A. Wayne Hellmann, and William J. Short. Francis of Assisi. The Saint. Early Documents. Vol. I. New York: New City Press, 1999.  

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Rosedale, Honeyel Gough. St. Francis of Assisi According to Brother Thomas of Celano. (Latin Edition). London: J. M. Dent & Co., 1904. Mexicano (Nahuatl) Related  

Acosta, José de. Historia natural y moral de las Indias; Procuranda: De Procuranda indorum salute. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Españoles, 1954.  

Acosta, José de. The Natural and Moral History of the Indies. Edited by Jane Mangan; translated by Frances Lopez-Morillas. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2002.  

Alber, Erasmus. The Alcoran of the Franciscans, or a Sink of Lyes and Blasphemies. Collected out of a Blasphemous Book belonging to that Order, called The Book of the Conformities: with the Epistles of Dr. Martin Luther, and Erasmus Alberus detecting the same. London: Printed for L. Curtise, 1679.  

Alva Ixtlilxóchitl, Fernando de. “Historia de la nación chichimeca.” Obras Históricas, edited by Edmundo O’Gorman. 2 vols. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, 1975.  

Alvarado Tezozómoc, Fernando. Crónica mexicano/Crónica mexicayotl. Translated by Adrián León. 2nd ed. Mexico City:Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1992.  

Alvarado Tezozómoc, Fernando. Crónica Mexicayotl: Die Chronik des Mexikanertums des Alonso Franco, des Hernando de Alvarado Tezozomoc und des Domingo Francisco de San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin Quauhtlehuanitzin. Sankt Augustin: Academia, 2004.  

Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 273-274.  

Anales Mexicanos, no. 1, Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 273, 387-509.  

Anales Mexicanos, no. 2, Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 273, 511-17.  

Anales Mexicanos, no. 3, Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 273, 519-31.  

Anales Mexicanos, no. 4, Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 273, 533-85.  

Anales de Puebla-Tlaxcala, no. 1, Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 274, 733-800.  

Anales de Quechólac, Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 274, 965-78.  

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Anales de Tepeaca, Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 274, 903-10.  

Anales de Tlatelolco: Unos Anales Históricos de la Nación Mexicana, Códice de Tlatelolco. Edited by Heinrich Berlín y Robert H. Barlow. Mexico City: Antigua Librería Robredo, 1948.  

Análes de Tlatelolco y México, no. 2, Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 273, 633-65.  

Anales de Tlaxcala, no. 2, Anales antiguos de México y sus contornos. Archivo Histórico de la Biblioteca del Museo Nacional de Antropología, Colección Antigua, v. 274, 723-31.  

Arecelus Ulibarrena, Juana María, ed. Floreto de Sant Francisco. 1492. Madrid: Fundación Univ. Española, Universidad Pontíficia de Salamanca, 1998.   

Armstrong, Regis, J., J. Wayne Hellmann, William J. Short, eds. Francis of Assisi: Early Documents. Index and discussion volume, edited by J. Hammond. 4 vols. New York: New City Press, 1999-2002.  

Barlow, Robert. “Anales de Tula, Hidalgo, 1361-1521.” Tlalocan: A Journal of Source Materials on the Native Cultures of Mexico 3 (1949): 2-13.  

Barlow, Robert. “El Códice Azcatitlan,” plates I-XXIX. Journal de la Société des Americanistes, Paris, 1949, Nouvelle Serie, t. xxxviii, 101-35.  

Barlow, Robert. “La crónica X: Versiones colonials de la historia de los Mexica Tenocha.” Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos 7 (1945): 65-87.  

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Bautista, Juan. Diario o Anales. Manuscrito escrito en náhuatl que se conserva en el Archivo Capitular de la Basílica de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe, en la ciudad de México.  

Berdan, Frances F., and Patricia Reiff Anawalt. The Essential Codex Mendoza. University of California Press, Berkeley, 1997.  

Bierhorst, John, trans. Ballads of the Lords of New Spain: The Codex Romances de los señores de la Nueva España. Transcribed and translated from Nahuatl. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2009.  

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23

Noguez, Xavier, Manuel Hermann Lejarazu, Merideth Paxton, and Henrique Vela. “Códices Mayas.” Arqueología Mexicana: Códices prehispánicos y coloniales tempranos–Catálogo 31 (special edition, August 2009): 10–23.  

Ruvalcaba, José Luis, Sandra Zetina, Helena Calvo del Castillo, Elsa Arroyo, Eumelia Hernández, Marie Van der Meeren, and Laura Sotelo. “The Grolier Codex: A Non Destructive Study of a Possible Maya Document using Imaging and Ion Beam Techniques.” MRS Proceedings 1047 (2007): 299–306. doi:10.1557/ PROC-1047-Y06-07  

Vékony, Atilla. “Mayan Codex Facsimiles.” University of Arizona Library, 1999. http://www.library.arizona.edu/exhibits/mexcodex/maya.htm Other Mesoamerican  

Williams, Robert Lloyd. The Complete Codex Zouche-Nuttall: Mixtec Lineage Histories and Political Biographies. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2013. Latin American, Colonial (European languages)  

Aguado, Pedro de. Sta. Marta: Historia de Santa Marta y Nuevo Reino de Granada. Madrid: Real Academia de la Historia, 1916-1917.  

Betanzos, Juan de. Suma y narración de los incas. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Españoles, 1880.  

Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar Núñez. Naufragios: Naufragios y comentarios. Madrid: Historia 16, 1984.  

Carvajal, Jacinto de. Descubrimiento: Descubrimiento del Río Apure. Madrid: Historia 16, 1985.  

Castellanos, Juan de. Elegías de Varones ilustres de Indias. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Españoles, 1874.  

Cieza de León, Piedra. Crónica: La Crónica del Perú. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Españoles, 1947.  

Cisneros, J. L. Descripción: Descripción exacta de la provincia de Benezuela. Caracas: Academia Nacional de la Historia, 1981.  

Colón, Cristóbal. Diario: Diario del Descubrimiento. Edited by Manuel Alvar. Madrid: Ediciones del Excelentísimo Cabildo Insular de Gran Canaria, 1976.  

Fernández de Oviedo, Gonzalo. Historia General y Natural de las Indias. Madrid: Real Academia de la Historia, 1851-1855.  

Garcilaso de la Vega. Primera Parte de los Comentarios Reales. Lisbon, 1609.  

Góngora Marmolejo. Historia de Chile. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Españoles 1960.  

Gumilla, José. El Orinoco ilustrado. Caracas: Academia Nacional de la Historia, 1963.  

Gutiérrez de Santa Clara. Quinquenarios o historia de las guerras civiles del Perú (1544-1548) y de otros sucesos de las Indias. Madrid: Biblioteca de Autores Españoles, 1963.  

24

Mills, Kenneth, William B. Taylor, and Sandra Lauderdale Graham. Colonial Latin America: A Documentary History. Lanham, MD: SR Books, 2002.  

Oviedo y Baños, José. Historia de la Conquista y Población de la Provincia de Venezuela. Madrid: Imprenta Central, 1885.  

Rodríguez Freyle, Juan. Conquista y descubrimiento del Nuevo Reino de Granada. Madrid: Historia 16, 1986.  

Simón, Fray Pedro. Noticias historiales de las conquistas de Tierra Firme en las Indias Occidentales. Bogotá: Kelly, 1953.  

Villagutierre, Juan de. Historia de la Conquista del Itzá. Madrid: Historia 16, 1980.

Topics  

Apparitions and Miracles  

The references in this section mostly include primary sources and ones related to the development of these topics over the centuries. Our Lady of Guadalupe  

Alarcón Méndez, P. Pedro. El amor de Jesús vivo en la Virgen de Guadalupe. Bloomington, IN: Palibrio, 2013.  

Anderson, Carl A., and Msgr. Eduardo Chávez. Our Lady of Guadalupe: Mother of the Civilization of Love. New York: Doubleday, 2009.  

Anson, Francis. Guadalupe: What Her Eyes Say. Manila, Philippines: SinagTala Publishers, Inc., 1994.  

Artes de México, edition no. 29. Visiones de Guadalupe. Mexico City and Santa Ana, CA: Bowers Museum of Cultural Art, 1995.  

Boturini Benaduci, Lorenzo. Idea de una nueva historia general de la América fundada sobre material copioso de figuras, symbolos caracteres y geroglifos, cantares y manuscritos de autores indios últimamente descubiertos. Madrid, 1746.  

Brading, D. A. Mexican Phoenix, Our Lady of Guadalupe, Image and Tradition Across Five Centuries. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001.  

Bravo Ugarte, José. Cuestiones históricas guadalupanas. 2nd ed. Mexico City: Editorial Jus, 1966.  

Burkhart, Louise M. Before Guadalupe: The Virgin Mary in Early Colonial Nahuatl Literature. Albany, NY: Institute for Mesoamerican Studies, 2001.  

Campa Mendoza, Víctor. La literatura nahuatl guadalupana: El Nican mopohua: El Ayate códice. Durango: Instituto Tecnológico de Durango, 2006.  

De la Maza, Francisco. El Guadalupanismo mexicano. Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1981.  

De la Mota, Ignacio H, Diccionario guadalupano. Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1997.  

25

Dunnington, Jacqueline Orsini. Viva Guadalupe! Santa Fe: Musuem of New Mexico Press, 1997.  

Elizondo, Virgilio. Guadalupe: Mother of the New Creation. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis, 1997.  

Elizondo, Virgilio. La Morenita: Evangelizer of the Americas. San Antonio: Mexican American Cultural Center Press, 1980.  

Elizondo, Virgilio, Allan Figueroa Deck, and Timothy Matovina (eds.). The Treasure of Guadalupe. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littleield, 2006.  

Elizondo, Virgilio, and Friends. A Retreat with Our Lady of Guadalupe and Juan Diego: Heeding the Call. Cincinnati: St. Anthony Messenger Press, 1998.  

Escalada, Xavier. Enciclopedia Guadalupana. Mexico City: Enciclopedia Guadalupana, A.C., 1995.  

Escalada, Xavier, and Antonio Valeriano. Guadalupe, arte y esplendor. Mexico City: Enciclopedia Guadalupana, 2002.  

Eternal Word Television Network. “A Zenit Daily Dispatch: Shrine of Guadalupe Most Popular in World.” June 13, 1999, http://www.ewtn.com/library/MARY/ZSHRINE.HTM.  

Florencia, Francisco de, S.I. La estrella del Norte de México, aparecida al rayar el día de la luz evangélica en este Nuevo Mundo. Madrid: Imprenta de L. de San Martín, 1785.  

Florencia, Francisco de, S.I. Historia de la Provincia de la Compañia de Jesús de Nueva España. Mexico City, 1694. Facsimile reproduction, Mexico City, 1955.  

Florencia, Francisco de, S.I. Las novenas del santuario de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de México. Mexico City: Editorial Cultura, 1945.  

Franciscan Friars of the Immaculate. A Handbook on Guadalupe. New Bedford, MA: Franciscan Friars of the Immaculate, 1997.  

García, Sebastián. Real Monasterio de Guadalupe. Madrid, Spain; Ediciones Guadalupe, 2007.  

García, Sebastián, ed. Guadalupe. Sevilla, Spain: Ediciones Guadalupe, 2010.  

Garza-Valdés, Leoncio. Tepeyac: Cinco siglos de engaño. Mexico City and Barcelona: Plaza & Janés, 2002.  

González Fernández, Fidel, Eduardo Chávez Sánchez, and José Luis Guerrero Rosado. El encuentro de la Virgen de Guadalupe y Juan Diego. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa, 1999.  

Gutiérrez Vega, Cristóforo. “Nuevo testimonio guadalupano.” Ecclesia 26, no. 2 (2012): 139-51.  

International Marian Congress on Our Lady of Guadalupe. Art and the Image: A Collection of Art in Celebration of Our Lady of Guadalupe. Phoenix, Arizona, August 6-8, 2009. Florence, Italy: Casa Editrice Bonechi, no date.  

International Marian Congress on Our Lady of Guadalupe. Conference Program. Phoenix, Arizona, August 6-8, 2008.  

26

Johnson, Maxwell. The Virgin of Guadalupe: Theological Reflections of an AngloLutheran Liturgist. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2002.  

Landregan, Steve. Cathedral Shrine of the Virgin of Guadalupe, Dallas. Strasbourg, France: Editions du Signe, 2006.  

Lafaye, Jaques. Quetzalcoatl and Guadalupe: The Formation of Mexican National Consciousness, 1532-1815. Translated by Benjamin Keen. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1976.  

Lasso de la Vega, Luis, and Primo Feliciano Velázquez. Hvei tlamahvicoltiça. Libro en lengua Mexicana. Mexico City: Carreño e hijo, 1926.  

Lavín, Monica. Miradas guadalupanas. Mexico City: Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y las Artes, Dirección General de Publicaciones, Promoción Cultural Guadalupe, Editorial Jus, 2003.  

León-Portilla, Miguel. Tonantzin Guadalupe: Pensamiento náhuatl y mensaje cristiano en el “Nicān mopōhua”. México City: Colegio Nacional, Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2000.  

López Beltrán, Lauro, Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxochitl, Antonio Valeriano, and Luis Lasso de la Vega. La protohistoria guadalupana. 1. ed. México, Editorial Jus, 1966.  

López Sanz, Eutiquio. 226 Santuarios Marianos de España. Madrid, Spain: Ediciones El Pasionario, 2009.  

López Varela, Raquel, ed. Guadalupe y su entorno. León, Spain: Editorial Everest, 2001.  

Miranda Godínez, Francisco. Dos cultos fundantes: Los Remedios y Guadalupe (1521-1649). Zamora, Michoacán: Colegio de Michoacán, 2001.  

Martínez, Sara. “Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe. Mito-narración-argumentación.” Decires, Revista del Centro de Enseñanza para Extranjeros 12, no. 15, segundo semestre, 2010, 53-70. http://revistadecires.cepe.unam.mx/articulos/art15-5.pdf  

Matovina, Timothy. Guadalupe and Her Faithful: Latino Catholics in San Antonio, from Colonial Origins to the Present. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005.  

Moffitt, John Francis. Our Lady of Guadalupe: The Painting, the Legend and the Reality. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2006.  

Monumentos Guadalupanos, 1600-1900. Original documents and transcripts of the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, relating to the worship of the Virgin at Guadalupe, and her apparition there; includes sermons, discourses, pieces in the native language, and a few engravings. 6 vols.  

Mopan Nahua at the New York Public Library. http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/ed672de0-934d-0131-b36b-58d385a7b928  

Nebel, Richard. Santa María Tonantzin Virgen de Guadalupe: Continuidad y transformación religiosa en México. Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1995.  

Noguez, Xavier. Documentos Guadalupanos Un estudio sobre las fuentes de información tempranas en torno a las mariofanías en el Tepeyac. Mexico City: El Colegio Mexiquense and Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1993.  

27

Orsini Dunnington, Jacqueline. Viva Guadalupe!. Sante Fe, NM; Museum of New Mexico Press, 1997.  

Payno, Manuel. Los bandidos de Río Frío. Mexico City: Porrúa, colección Sepan cuantos 3, 2001.  

Perea, Héctor. Fray Servando Teresa de Mier. Mexico City: Cal y Arena, 2001.  

Peterson, Jeanette Favrot. Visualizing Guadalupe: From Black Madonna to Queen of the Americas. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2014.  

Ponce, Xavier Campos. La virgen de Guadalupe y la diosa Tonantzin. Mexico City: n.p., 1970.  

Poole, Stafford. The Guadalupan Controversies in Mexico. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2006.  

Poole, Stafford. Our Lady of Guadalupe: The Origins and Sources of a Mexican National Symbol, 1531-1797. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 1995.  

Ramos Rosete, Carlos, Antonio Valeriano. Significado náhuatl y cristiano en el Nican Mopohua. Puebla: UPAEP, 2011.  

Rodríguez, Jeanette. Our Lady of Guadalupe: Faith and Empowerment among Mexican American Women. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1994.  

Royer, Fanchón. The Franciscans Came First. Paterson, NJ: St. Anthony Guild Press, 1951.  

Serrano, Francisco, Felipe Dávalos, and María Eugenia Guzmán. La virgen de Guadalupe. Toronto: Groundwood Books, Ltd., 1998.  

Schulte, Francisco Raymond. Mexican Spirituality: Its Sources and Mission in the Earliest Guadalupan Sermons. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2002.  

Starr-LeBeau, Gretchen D. In the Shadow of the Virgin: Inquisitors, Friars, and Conversos in Guadalupe, Spain. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2003.  

Sousa, Lisa, Stafford Poole, and James Lockhart, eds. and trans. The Story of Guadalupe: Luis Laso de la Vega’s Huei tlamahuiçoltica of 1649. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1998.  

Taylor, William B. “The Virgin of Guadalupe in New Spain: An Inquiry into the Social History of Marian Devotion.” American Ethnologius 14, no. 1: 9-33.  

Teresa de Mier, Servando. “Sermón Guadalupano de 1794.” In Héctor Perea, Servando Teresa de Mier, 25-48. Mexico City: Cal y Arena, 2001.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. Los Guadalupes y la independencia. Mexico City: Editorial Jus, 1966; Editorial Porrúa, 1985.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. En torno al guadalupanismo. Mexico City: M. A. Porrúa, 2004.  

Torroella, Enrique, S.I. El Nican Mopohua. Mexico City: Buena Prensa, 1958.  

Valeriano, Antonio. Nican mopohua. Mexico City: Edamex, 1990.  

Valeriano, Antonio. Nican Mopohua. Tonantzin Guadalupe. Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2001.  

Valeriano, Antonio, and Flavio Zavala. Booklet of Tepeyac. Guadalupe Hidalgo, DF, 1935.  

28

Vega, Luis Lasso de la. Huei tlamahuizoltica, Here Called the Great Miracle of the Apparition of the Queen of Heaven, Saint Mary, Our Beloved Mother of Guadalupe, Near the Great City of Mexico in the Place Called Tepeyácac. Accessed through the World Digital Library. Mexico City, 1649. http://dl.wdl.org/2966/service/2966.pdf.  

Wolf, Eric R. “The Virgin of Guadalupe: A Mexican National Symbol.” The Journal of American Folklore 71, No. 279 (January - March, 1958): 34-39.  

Zarebska, Carla, Alejando Gómez de Tuddo, and Basilisco. Guadalupe. Mexico City, 2002. La Conquistadora/Our Lady of Peace (Northern New Mexico)  

Chávez, Fray Angelico. La Conquistadora. Santa Fe: Suntone Press, 1983. Nuestra Señora de Zapopan (Virgen de la Inmaculada Concepción, Virgen de la Expectación)

Art and Architecture  

Afanador-Pujol, Angélica Jimena. The Relación de Michoacán (1539-1541) & the Politics of Representation in Colonial Mexico. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2015.  

El alma de México. Numerous contributors with prologue by Carlos Fuentes. Mexico City: Consejo Nacional para la Cultura y los Artes, 2002.  

Apa, Mariano. Piero Casentini: I colori del Vangelo. Milan, Italy: Edizioni Terra Santa, 2006.  

Arnold, Lauren. Princely Gifts and Papal Treasures: The Franciscan Mission to China & Its Influence on the Art of the West, 1250-1350. San Francisco: Desiderata Press, 1999.  

Askew, Pamela. “The Angelic Consolation of St. Francis of Assisi in PostTridentine Italian Painting.” Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 32 (1969): 280-306.  

Bellosi, Luciano. Giotto at Assisi. Assisi, Italy: DACA and Casa Editrice Francescana, 1989.  

Bottero, Carlo, and Ezio Genovesi. I fioretti di San Francesco: Esposizione delle più belle edizioni illustrate moderne. Assisi, Italy: NCT Global Media, 2010.  

Bourdua, Louise M. “Friars, Patrons and Workshops at the Basilica del Santo, Padua.” Studies in Church History 28 (1992): 131-41.  

Bourdua, Louise M., The Franciscans and Art Patronage in Late Medieval Italy. Cambridge: Cambridge Univerity Press, 2004.  

Boyd, E. Popular Arts of Spanish New Mexico. Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press, 1974.  

Brenner, Anita. Idols Behind Altars. New York: Biblo and Tannen, 1967.  

29

Brittenham, Claudia. The Murals of Cacaxtla: The Power of Painting in Ancient Central Mexico. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2015.  

Brownstone, Arni, ed. The Lienzo of Tlapiltepec: A Painted History from the Northern Mixteca. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2015.  

Calabro, Anna, ed. Luoghi del Pintoricchio. Perugia, Italy: Comune di Perugia, 2003.  

Cernicchi, Andrea. I luoghi del Signorelli. Perugia, Italy: Comune di Perugia, 2005.  

Cetoloni, Rodolfo. Come uno scrigno. Nado canuti: Uno scultore sotto gli occhi delle Robbiane. Verna, Italy: Edizioni La Verna, no date.  

Cook, William Robert (ed.), The Art of the Franciscan Order in Italy. Leiden: Brill, 2005.  

Cook, William Robert. Francis in America: A Catalogue of Early Italian Paintings of St. Francis of Assisi in the United States and Canada. Quincy, IL: Franciscan Press, 1998.  

Cook, William Robert. Images of Saint Francis of Assisi in Painting, Stone, and Glass from the Earliest Images to ca. 1320 in Italy: A Catalogue. Firenze: Leo S. Olschki, 1999.  

Cook, William Robert. “New Sources, New Insights: The Bardi Dossal of the Life and Miracles of Saint Francis of Assisi.” Studi Francesani 93 (1996): 325-46.  

Derbes, Anne. Picturing the Passion in Late Medieval Italy: Narrative Painting, Franciscan Ideologies, and the Levant. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.  

Derbes, Anne, and M. Sandona. The Cambridge Companion to Giotto. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.  

Douglas, Eduardo de J. In the Palace of Nezahualcoyotl: Painting Manuscripts, Writing the Pre-Hispanic Past in Early Colonial Period Tetzcoco, Mexico. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2010.  

Eiján, Samuel. Franciscanismo ibero-americano en la historia, la literatura y el arte. Barcelona and Madrid: Biblioteca Franciscana, 1927.  

Fields, Virginia M., and Victor Zamudio-Taylor. The Road to Aztlan: Art from a Mythic Homeland. Los Angeles: Los Angeles County Museum of Art; Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press, 2001.  

Flood, David. “Images of Franciscan History.” In Beyond the Text: Franciscan Art and the Construction of Religion, edited by Xavier J. Seubert and O. V. Bychkov, 103-111. St. Bonaventure: Franciscan Institute Publications, 2013.  

Frank, Larry. New Kingdom of the Saints: Religious Art of New Mexico 17801907. Santa Fe: Red Crane Books, 1992.  

Gavin, Robin Farwell. Traditional Arts of Spanish New Mexico. Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press, 1994.  

Gehry, Frank, Bill Lacy, and Susan De Menil. Angels & Franciscans: Innovative Architecture from Los Angeles and San Francisco. New York: Rizzoli, 1992.  

30

Gento Sanz, Benjamín. “The History and Art of the Church and Monastery of San Francisco de Quito.” The Americas 4, no. 2 (1947): 175-94.  

Gieben, Servus. “Philip Galle’s Original Engravings of the Life of St. Francis and the Corrected Edition of 1587.” Collectanea Franciscana 46 (1976): 241-307.  

Giménez López, Enrique. “Las relaciones con la Iglesia.” ArteHistoria: La página del arte y la cultura en español. http://www.artehistoria.com/v2/contextos/6857.htm  

Goffen, Rona. Spirituality in Conflict: Saint Francis and Giotto’s Bardi Chapel. Univrsit Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1988.  

Guarda, Gabriel, et al. Barroco hispanoamericano en Chile: vida de San Francisco de Asís pintada en el siglo XVII para el convento franciscano de Santiago. Castelló, Spain: Museo de Bellas Artes de Castelló, Corporación Cultural 3c Para el Arte, 2002.  

Haag, Sabine, Alfonso de María y Campos, Lilia Rivero Weber, and Christian Feest, eds. El penacho del México antiguo. Alenstadt, Germany: ZKF Publishers, 2012.  

Harrison, C. “Giotto and the `Rise of Painting.’” In Siena, Florence and Padua: Art, Society and Religion 1280-1400, vol. 1, edited by Diana Norman, 73-96. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995.  

Imágenes de la patria. Numerous contributors. Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes and Trilce Ediciones, 2010.  

Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes. Los pinceles de la historia: El origen del reino de la Nueva España, 1680-1750: Museo Nacional de Arte, junio-octubre, 1999. Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes, 1999.  

Kauffman Doig, Federico. Historia y arte del Perú antiguo. Vol. 2. Lima: Diario La República, 2002.  

Ladis, Andrew, ed. Franciscanis, the Papacy, and Art in the Age of Giotto: Assisi and Rome. Giotto and the World of Early Italian Art 4. New York: Garland Publishing, 1998.  

Lara, Jaime. Christian Texts for Aztecs: Art & Liturgy in Colonial Mexico. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2008.

Lara, Jaime. City, Temple, Stage: Eschatological Architecture and Liturgical Theatrics in New Spain. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2004.  

Lara, Jaime. “Temples of the Sun/Son: Franciscan Missionary Architecture in New Spain and New Mexico.” In From La Florida to La California: Franciscan Evangelization in the Spanish Borderlands, edited by Timothy J. Johnson and Gert Melville. Berkeley, CA: The Academy of American Franciscan History, 2013.      

31

Legorreta, Agustín E. (Curator). Images of Mexico. Exhibition Catalog. Fomento Cultural Banamex: New York: 1979.  

Lisak, Robert, and Jaime Lara. The Flowering Cross: Holy Week in an Andean Village. Self Published at blurb.com, 2009.  

Meiss, Millard. Giotto and Assisi. New York: W. W. Norton & Company Inc., 1967.  

Miller, Mary Ellen. Maya Art and Architecture. New York: Thames & Hudson, 1999.  

Miller, Mary, and Claudia Brittenham. The Spectacle of the Late Maya Court: Reflections on the Murals of Bonampak. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2013.  

Moleta, Vincent. From St. Francis to Giotto: The Influence of St. Francis on Early Art and Literature. Chicago: Franciscan Herald Press, 1983.  

Perry, Richard, and Rosalind Perry. Maya Missions: Exploring Colonial Yucatan. Santa Barbara, CA: Espadaña Press, 2002.  

Pierce, Donna. Companion to Spanish Colonial Art at the Denver Art Museum. Denver, CO: Denver Art Museum, 2011. Companion to Spanish Colonial Art  

Pierce, Donna, ed. Exploring New World Imagery: Spanish Colonial Papers from the 2002 Mayer Center Symposium. Denver, CO: Denver Art Museum, 2005.      

32

Pierce, Donna, and Marta Weigle, eds. Spanish New Mexico: The Spanish Colonial Arts Society Collection. 2 vols. Santa Fe: Museum of New Mexico Press, 1996.  

Los pinceles de la historia de la patria criolla a la nación Mexicana 1750-1860. Editorial Coordinator Jaime Soler Frost. Mexico City: Consejo Nacional Para la Cultura y las Artes, 2000.  

Los pinceles de la historia: El origen del reino de la Nueva España. Numerous contributors. Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes, 1999.    

33

Pintura Novohispana, Museo nacional del virreinato. Tepotzotlán, Mexico: Asociación de Amigos del Museo Nacional del Virreinato, 1996.  

Quirarte, Jacinto. The Art and Architecture of the Texas Missions. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2002.  

Recio Veganzones, Alejandro. “Francisco en la iconografía musiva medieval de Roma.” In Studia Hierosolymitana III. Jerusalem: Franciscan Printing Press, 1982.  

Ricci, Corrado. Umbria Santa. New York: Oxford University Press, 1927. Accessed September 12, 2012. http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Gazetteer/Places/Europe/Italy/Umbria/_ Texts/ RICUMB/home.html  

Ricci, Teobaldo. Sulle orme di Francesco in Toscana. Padova, Italy: Editrice Messaggero di Sant’Antonio, 2000.  

Rivero Borrell M. et al. The Grandeur of Viceregal Mexico/La grandeza del México virreinal: tesoros del Museo Franz Mayer. Houston: The Museum of Fine Arts, 2002.  

Saranyana, Josep-Ignasi, and Ana de Zaballa. “Influencias joaquinistas en la iconografía franciscano-cuzqueña del siglo XVII.” Archivum Franciscanum Historicum 85, no. 1 (1992): 441-60.  

Seubert, Xavier, and Oleg Bychkov, eds. Beyond the Text: Franciscan Art and the Construction of Religion. Bonaventure, NY: Franciscan Institute Publications, 2013.  

Smart, Alistair. The Assisi Problem and the Art of Giotto: A Study of the Legend of St F in the Upper Church of San Francesco, Assisi. New York: Hacker Art Books, 1983.  

Soler Frost, Jaime, ed. La fabricación del estado, 1864-1910. Mexico City: Consejo Nacional Para la Cultura y las Artes, 2003.  

Soler Frost, Jaime. Los pinceles de la historia de la patria criolla a la nación mexicana, 1750-1860. Mexico City: Museo Nacional de Arte, 2000.  

Steele, Thomas. Santos and Saints: The Religious Folk Art of Hispanic New Mexico. Santa Fe: Ancient City Press, 1994.  

Stubblebine, James H. Assisi and the Rise of Vernacular Art. New York, Harper & Row, 1985.  

Tintori, Lonetto, and Millard Meiss. The Painting of the Life of Saint Francis in Assisi with notes on the Arena Chapel and a 1964 Appendix. New York: Norton, 1967.  

Tavárez, David. “Art of Ancient Mesoamerica.” Vol. 1 of Encyclopedia of Latin America, edited by J. Michael Francis. Washington, DC: Facts on File, 2009.  

van Os, H. “St Francis of Assisi as a Second Christ in Early Italian Painting.” Simiolus 7 (1974): 115-32.  

Vargaslugo, Elisa. Imágenes de los naturales en el arte de la Nueva España siglos XVI al XVIII. Mexico City: Fomento Cultural Banamex, 2005.  

Wethey, Harold E. “Franciscan Art in Peru.” The Americas 9, no. 4 (1953): 399.  

Wroth, William. Christian Images in Hispanic New Mexico. Colorado Springs: Taylor Museum of Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center, 1982.  

34

Young-Sánchez, Margaret, ed. Pre-Columbian Art and Archaelogy: Essays in Honor of Frederick R. Mayer. Papers from the 2002 and 2007 Mayer Center Symposia at the Denver Art Museum. Denver, CO: Denver Art Museum, 2013.  

Young-Sánchez, Margaret, Jane Stevenson Day, John W. Hoopes, David Mora Marín, Heather Orr, and Michael J. Snarskis. Nature and Spirit: Ancient Costa Rican Treasures in the Mayer Collection at the Denver Art Museum. Denver, CO: Denver Art Museum, 2010.

Leyenda Negra and Leyenda Blanca  

Alvar, Alfredo. La leyenda negra. Madrid: Akal, 1997.  

Ardolino, Frank. Apocalypse and Armada in Kyd’s Spanish Tragedy. Sixteenth Century Essays and Studies, vol. 29. Kirksville, Missouri: Sixteenth-Century Journal Publishers, 1995.  

Arnoldsson, Sverker. “La Leyenda Negra: Estudios Sobre Sus Orígines.” Göteborgs Universitets Årsskrift 66, no. 3 (1960).  

Beson, Br. José M. La Leyenda y la conquista de América. Universali@ en linea http://www.universalia.usb.ve/ediciones_anteriores/anteriores/universalia27/ leyenda_negra.html  

Carbia, Rómulo D. Historia de la leyenda negra hispano-americana. 1943. Reprint, Madrid: Marcial Pons Historia, 2004.  

Claver, Bartolomé. Genocidio y justicia: la Destrucción de las Indias, ayer y hoy. Madrid: Marcial Pons, Ediciones de historia. 2002.  

Díaz, María Elena. “Beyond Tannenbaum.” Law and History Review 22, no. 2 (2004): 371–76.  

Edelmayer, Friedrich: The “Leyenda Negra” and the Circulation of Anti-Catholic and Anti-Spanish Prejudices.” http://www.abc.es/cultura/libros/20140427/abci-leyenda-negra-julianjuderiasluisespaniol-201404262123.html  

Español Bouché, Luis. “Leyendas Negras: Vida y Obra de Julian Juderías.” Madrid: Junta de Castilla y León, 2007.  

Felipe II y La Leyenda Negra. http://blogs.ua.es/vidaprivfelipesegundo/la-leyenda-negra-de-felipe-ii/  

Fernández Retamar, Roberto. Caliban. Contra la leyenda negra. Lérida, Spain: Universidad de Lleida, 1996.  

Fernández Retamar, Roberto. “Contra la Leyenda Negra.” Online PDF. http://www.portalalba.org/biblioteca/FERNANDEZ%20RETAMAR%20 ROBERTO.%20Contra%20la%20Leyenda%20Negra.pdf  

García Cárcel, Ricardo. La leyenda negra. Barcelona: Altaya, 1997.  

García Cárcel, Ricardo, and Lourdes Mateo Bretos. La leyenda negra. Madrid: Altamira, 1990.  

García Calero Caleroje, Jesús. “La leyenda negra hizo que lo español se valore peor en España que en otro sitio.” ABC, April 27, 2014. http://www.abc.es/cultura/libros/20140427/abci-leyenda-negra-julianjuderiasluisespaniol-201404262123.html  

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Gibson, Charles. The Black Legend: Anti-Spanish Attitudes in the Old World and the New. New York, NY: Knopf, 1971.  

Gledhill, John. Review of “From ‘Others’ to Actors: New Perspectives on Popular Political Cultures and National State Formation in Latin America.” American Anthropologist 98, no. 3 (1996): 630–633.  

Griffin, Eric. “Ethos to Ethnos: Hispanizing ‘the Spaniard’ in the Old World and the New.” The New Centennial Review 2, no. 1 (2002).  

Hadfield, Andrew. “Late Elizabethan Protestantism, Colonialism and the Fear of the Apocalypse.” Reformation 3 (1998): 303-322.  

Hauben, Paul J. “White Legend Against Black: Nationalism and Enlightenment in a Spanish Context.” The Americas 34, no. 1 (1977): 1–19.  

Hermosilla Sánchez, Alejandro. “Ni leyenda blanca ni leyenda negra: Lope de Aguirre en la obra de Abel Posse.” Taller de Letras 40 (2007): 85-99. http://www7.uc.cl/letras/html/6_publicaciones/pdf_revistas/taller/tl40_5.pdf  

Hillgarth, J. N. “Spanish Historiography and Iberian Reality.” History and Theory 24, no. 1 (1985): 23–43.  

Hilton, Ronald. La légende noire au 18e siècle. Le monde hispanique vu du dehors. Historical Text Archive, 2002.  

Insua Rodríguez, Pedro. “Genealogía de la leyenda negra.” El catoblepas: revista crítica del presente, 85 (March 2009): 24. http://www.nodulo.org/ec/2009/n085.htm  

Juanjo (blog). “La leyenda negra.” September 8, 2007. http://laleyendanegra.blogspot.com/2007/09/qu-es-la-leyenda-negra.html  

Juderías, Julián. Los favoritos de Felipe III: don Pedro Franqueza y Ramírez de Prado, conde de Villalonga y Secretario de Estado. Madrid: Imprenta de la Revista de Archivos, 1909.  

Juderías, Julián. La Leyenda Negra. 1914. Salamanca: Junta de Castilla y León, 2003.  

Juderías, Julián. La leyenda negra: estudios acerca del concepto de España en el Extranjero: segunda edición completamente refundida, aumentada y provista de nuevas indicaciones bibliográficas. Barcelona: Araluce, 1917.  

Juderías, Julián. “La leyenda negra y la verdad histórica: España en Europa.” La Ilustración Española y Americana. Madrid, enero-febrero de 1914.  

Juderías, Julián. La leyenda negra y la verdad histórica: contribución al estudio del concepto de España en Europa, de las causas de este concepto y de la tolerancia política y religiosa en los países civilizados. Madrid: Tip. de la Revista de Archivos, 1914. https://archive.org/details/laleyendanegrayl00jude  

Juderías, Julián. Un proceso político en tiempos de Felipe III: don Rodrigo Calderón, marqués de Siete Iglesias; su vida, su proceso y su muerte. Madrid: Tip. de la Revista de Archivos, 1906.  

[Juderías, Julián, y Jerónimo Bécker y González]. La reconstrucción de la historia de España desde el punto de vista nacional: discursos leídos ante la Real Academia de la Historia en el acto de su recepción pública por el Excmo. Sr. don Julián Juderías y Loyot y por el Excmo. Sr. don Jerónimo Bécker y González,

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académico de número, el día 28 de abril de 1918. Madrid: Imprenta Clásica Española, 1918. http://www.worldcat.org/title/reconstruccion-de-la-historia-de-espana-desde-elpunto-de-vista-nacional-discursos-leidos-ante-la-real-academia-de-la-historiaen-el-acto-de-su-recepcion-publica/oclc/1988474  

Kamen, Henry. Empire: How Spain Became a World Power, 1492-1763. HarperCollins, New York: 2003.  

Kamen, Henry. The Spanish Inquisition: A Historical Revision. 1965. Reprint, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1999.  

Keen, Benjamin. “The Black Legend Revisited: Assumptions and Realities.” Hispanic American Historical Review 49, no. 4 (November 1969): 703–19.  

Keen, Benjamin. “The White Legend Revisited: A Reply to Professor Hanke’s ‘Modest Proposal.’” Hispanic American Historical Review 51, no. 2 (May 1971): 336–55.  

LaRosa, Michael. “Religion in a Changing Latin America: A Review.” Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 34, no. 4 (1992-1993): 245–55.  

“Leyenda negra española.” Enciclopedia Libre Universal en Español. http://enciclopedia.us.es/index.php/Leyenda_negra_espa%C3%B1ola  

Lock, Julian. “’How Many Tercios Has the Pope?’ The Spanish War and the Sublimation of Elizabethan Anti-Popery.” History 81 (1996).  

Llona, Guillermo. “Lo que la leyenda negra de España no cuenta de las leyes de Indias.” ABC.es. March 3, 2013. http://www.abc.es/sociedad/20130303/abci-leyes-indias-derechoshumanos-201303012122.html  

Macken, Rebecca. “Diferencias entre la Leyenda Negra y la Leyenda Blanca” http://www.ehowenespanol.com/diferencias-leyenda-negra-leyenda-blancainfo_387576/  

Maltby, William S. The Black Legend in England. Durham: Duke University Press, 1971.  

Marías, Julián. España Inteligible. Razón Histórica de las Españas. 1985. Reprint, Spain: Alianza Editorial, 2006.  

Martínez M., Manuel C. “La leyenda blanca de la conquista español.” Aporrea, April 4, 2005. http://www.aporrea.org/actuaAporrealidad/a13629.html  

Maura, Juan Francisco. “Cobardía, crueldad y oportunismo español: Algunas consideraciones sobre la ‘verdadera’ historia de la conquista de la Nueva España.” Lemir: Revista de literatura medieval y del Renacimiento 7 (2003): 1-29.  

Maura, Juan Francisco. “La hispanofobia a través de algunos textos de la conquista de América: De la propaganda política a la frivolidad académica.” Bulletin of Spanish Studies 83, no. 2 (2006): 213-240.  

Molina Martínez, Miguel. La leyenda negra. Madrid: Nerea, 1991.  

Noya, Javier. La Nueva Imagen de España en América Latina. Madrid: Ed. Tecnos y Real Instituto Elcano, 2009.  

Pemán, José María (de la Real Academia Española): La historia de España contada con sencillez. Cádiz: Escelicer, 1958, 147-177. http://www.hispanoteca.eu/Landeskunde-LA/Leyenda Negra y Leyenda Rosa.htm  

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Pérez, Joseph. La leyenda negra. Madrid: Gadir, 2009.  

Peters, Edward. Inquisition. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989.  

Powell, Philip Wayne. La leyenda negra. Barcelona: Áltera, 2008.  

Powell, Philip Wayne. Tree of Hate: Propaganda and Prejudices Affecting United States Relations with the Hispanic World. New York: Basic Books, 1971.  

Rabasa, José. “Aesthetics of Colonial Violence: The Massacre of Acoma in Gaspar de Villagrá’s ‘Historia de la Nueva México.’” College Literature 20, no. 3 (1993): 96–114.  

[Juderías, Julián, y Jerónimo Bécker y González]. La reconstrucción de la historia de España desde el punto de vista nacional: discursos leídos ante la Real Academia de la Historia en el acto de su recepción pública por el Excmo. Sr. don Julián Juderías y Loyot y por el Excmo. Sr. don Jerónimo Bécker y González, académico de número, el día 28 de abril de 1918. Madrid: Imprenta Clásica Española, 1918. https://archive.org/details/laleyendanegrayl00jude  

Sábato, Ernesto. “Ni leyenda negra ni leyenda blanca.” El país, January 2, 1991. http://elpais.com/diario/1991/01/02/opinion/662770813_850215.html  

Sánchez, M. G. Anti-Spanish Sentiment in English Literary and Political Writing, 1553-1603. Phd diss., University of Leeds, 2004.  

Sanz, Javier. “Los brutales grabados que ayudaron a crear la leyenda negra.” Historas de la historia. June 20, 2014. http://historiasdelahistoria.com/2014/06/20/los-brutales-grabados-que-ayudaron-acrear-la-leyenda-negra  

Schmidt, Benjamin. Innocence Abroad: The Dutch Imagination and the New World, 1570-1670. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.  

Vaca de Osma, José Antonio. El imperio y la leyenda negra. Madrid: Rialp, 2004.  

Vigil, Ralph H. Review of “Inequality and Ideology in Borderlands Historiography.” Latin American Research Review 29, no. 1 (1994): 155–171.

Linguistics  

Affixes  

Alonso, Amado. “Noción, emoción, acción y fantasía en los diminutivos.” In Estudios Lingüísticos (Temas Españoles), 161-89. 1951. Reprint, Madrid: Gredos, 1974, 161-89.  

Curcó, C. “¿No me harías un favorcito? Reflexiones en torno a la expresión de la cortesía verbal en el español de México y el español peninsular.” In La pragmática lingüística del español: Recientes desarrollos. Edited by H. Havertake, G. Mulder, and C. Fraile Maldonado, 129-71. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2008.  

D’Angelis, A., and L. Mariottini. “La morfopragmática de los diminutivos en español y en italiano.” Actas del XXXV Simposio Internacional de la Sociedad Española de Lingüística, edited by M. Villayandre Llamasares, 1-21. León: Universidad de León, 2006.  

Dávila Garibí, J. I. “Posible influencia del náhuatl en el uso y abuso del diminutivo en el español de México.” Estudios de cultura náhuatl 1 (1959): 91-94.  

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Dressler, W., and L. Merlini Barbaresi. Morphopragmatics: Diminutives and Intensifiers in Italian, German, and Other Languages. Trends in Linguistics, Studies and Monographs 76. Berlin-New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1994.  

Gaarder, B. A. “Los llamados diminutivos y aumentativos en el español de México.” Chrestomathy 8 (2009): 585-95. First published in Publications of the Modern Language Association 81 (1966): 98.  

Jani, Shivani. “Uso y funciones de los diminutivos en revistas para jóvenes mexicanas. Chrestomathy 8 (2009): 77-98.  

Jurafsky. D. “On the Semantics of the Diminutive.” BLS 14 (1988): 304-18.  

Jurafsky. D. “Universal Tendencies in the Semantics of the Diminutive.” Language 72 (1993): 533-78.  

Jurafsky. D. “Universals in the Semantics of the Diminutive.” BLS 19 (1993): 423-36.  

Miller, D. Gary. Latin Suffixal Derivatives in English and Their Indo-European Ancestry. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.  

Náñez Fernández, E. El diminutivo: Historia y funciones en el español clásico y moderno, Madrid: Gredos, 1973.  

Ranson, H. “Diminutivos, aumentativos, despectivos.” Hispania 37 (1954): 406-08.  

Reynoso Noverón, J. R. “Procesos de gramaticalización por subjetivización: El uso del diminutivo en español.” In Selected Proceedings of the 7th Hispanic Linguistics Symposium, edited by D. Eddington, 79-86. Somerville: Cascadilla Proceedings Project, 2005.  

Reynoso, J. “Los diminutivos en el español de México.” Tesis de maestría, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1997.  

Reynoso, J. “Los diminutivos en el español: Un estudio de dialectología comparada.” Tesis doctoral, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2001.  

Reynoso, J. “El papel de la metáfora en la gramaticalización de diminutivos” Actas del IV Congreso Internacional de Historia de la Lengua Española, 717-724. Logroño, Spain: Universidad de la Rioja, 1998.  

Savickienė, Ineta, and Wolfgang U. Dressler, eds. Acquisition of Diminutives: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Kaunas, Lithuania, and Vienna, Austria: Vytautas Magnus University/University of Vienna, 2007.

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Diachronic Linguistics  

The references in this section mostly include primary sources such as vocabularies and grammar of sixteenth-century mexicano and secondary sources such as linguistic analyses of fifteenth-century mexicano.  

American Heritage Histories. Spanish Word Histories and Mysteries. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2007.  

Andrews, J. Richard. Introduction to Classical Nahuatl. Revised edition. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2003.  

Andrews, J. Richard. Introduction to Classical Nahuatl Workbook. Ausin: University of Texas Press, 1975.  

Alderete, Bernardo de. Del origen y principio de la lengua castellana o romance que se usa en España, Valladolid: Editorial Maxtor, 2002, facsímil de la edición de Roma, 1606.  

Alvar Ezquerra, Manuel (coord.). Vocabulario de indigenismos en las crónicas de Indias. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1997.  

Bernasocchi, Augusta López, and Manuel Galeote. Tesoro castellano del primer diccionario de América. Lemas y concordancias del Vocabulario español-náhuatl (1555) de Alonso de Molina. Madrid: Editorial Verbum, 2010.  

Boone, Elizabeth Hill, and Gary Urton, eds. Their Way of Writing: Scripts, Signs, and Pictographies in Pre-Colombian America. Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks, 2011.  

Boyd-Bowman, Peter. Léxico hispanoamericano del siglo XVI. Madrid: Támesis, 1971.  

Campbell, R. Joe. A Morphological Dictionary of Classical Nahuatl. A Morphemic Index to the Vocabulario en lengua Mexicana y castellana of Fray Alonso de Molina. Madison, WI: The Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies, 1985.  

Canger, Una. Five Studies Inspired by Náhuatl Verbs in -oa. Travaux du Cercle Linguistique de Copenhague 19. Copenhagen: C.A. Reitzels Boghandel, 1980.  

Carochi, el Padre Horacio. Arte de la lengva mexicana: Con la de declaración de los adverbios della (reimpreso por el Museo Nacional de México). Mexico City: Imprenta del Museo Nacional, 1892.  

Carochi, Horacio. Arte de la lengua mexicana: Con la de declaración de los adverbios della; edición facsimilar de la publicada por Juan Ruyz en la Ciudad de México. 1645. Introduction by Miguel León-Portilla. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, 1983.  

Carochi, Horacio. Grammar of the Mexican Language: With an Explanation of Its Adverbs. 1645. A translation of the first edition with notes and translation by James Lockhart. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001.  

Covarrubias y Orozco, Sebastián de. Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española. 1611. https://archive.org/stream/tesorodelalengua00covauoft#page/n3/mode/2up  

Centro de estudios del mundo maya. Vocabulario inglés, maya, español. Mérida, Yucatán: Centro de estudios del mundo maya, 2004.  

Coromines, Joan. Breve diccionario etimologico de la lengua castellana. 2, ed. Madrid : Editorial Gredos, 1967.  

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Coromines, Joan. Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico. Madrid: Gredos, 1980-1991.  

de León-Portilla, Ascensión H., and Andrés de Olmos, eds. Arte de la lengua Mexicana: Concluido en el Convento de San Andrés de Ueytlalpan, en la provincia de la Totonacapan, que es en la Nueva España, el 1o. de enero de 1547. Madrid: Ediciones de Cultura Hispánica, Instituto de Cooperación Iberoamericana, 1993.  

de Wolf, Paul P. Diccionario español-náhuatl. Introduction by Miguel LeónPortilla. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, Fideicomiso Teixidor, 2003.  

García Icazbalceta, Joaquín. Vocabulario de mexicanismos. Mexico City: Ediciones del Centenario de la Academia Mexicana, 1975.  

García de Diego, Vicente. Etimologías españolas. Valencia: Agular, 1964.  

Gómez de Silva, Guido. Diccionario breve de mexicanismos. Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2008.  

Hidalgo, Margarita, ed. Mexican Indigeous Languages at the Dawn of the TwentyFirst Century. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2006.  

Horn, Rebecca. “Gender and Social Identity: Nahua Naming Patterns in Postconquest Central Mexico.” In Indian Women of Early Mexico, edited by Susan Kellogg and Matthew Restall, 163-79. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1998.  

Karttunen, Frances E. Analytical Dictionary of Nahuatl. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1992.  

Karttunen, Frances E. Nahuatl and Maya in contact with Spanish. Austin: Dept. of Linguistics and the Center for Cognitive Science, the University of Texas at Austin, 1985.  

Karttunen, Frances and James Lockhart. Nahuatl in the Middle Years: Language Contact Phenomena in Texts of the Colonial Period. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.  

Karttunen, Frances and James Lockhart (eds). The Art of Nahuatl Speech: The Bancroft Dialogues. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center Publications, University of California, 1987.  

Kaufman, Terrence. “The History of the Nawa Language Group from the Earliest Times to the Sixteenth Century: Some Initial Results.” Revised March 2001. Project for the Documentation of the Languages of Mesoamerica. http://www.albany.edu/pdlma/Nawa.pdf  

Latham, R. E. Revised Medieval Latin Word-List. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980.  

Launey, Michel, and Christopher Mackay. An Introduction to Classical Nahuatl. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2011.  

Lockhart, James. Nahuatl as Written: Lessons in Older Written Nahuatl, with Copious Examples and Texts. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001.  

Lockhart, James, and Frances Karttunen. The Art of Nahuatl Speech: The Bancroft Dialogues. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center Publications, 1987.  

Lope Blanch, Juan M. “La influencia del sustrato en la gramática del español mexicano.” In Estudios sobre el español de México, 161-68. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1983.  

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López Bernasocchi, Augusta, and Manuel Galeote. Tesoro castellano del primer diccionario de América. Lemas y concordancias del vocabulario español-náhuatl (1555) de Alonso de Molina. Madrid: Editorial Verbum, 2010.  

Medina Ramos, Genaro. “Náhuatl: Un curso dado por Sr. Genaro Medina Ramos abril - junio 1999, Casa de Cultura de Cholula San Pedro Cholula, Puebla, México.” http://jupiter.plymouth.edu/~wjt/nahuatl/nahuatl1.pdf  

Mejías, Hugo A. Préstamos de lenguas indígenas en el español americano del siglo XVII. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 1980.  

Molina, Alonso de. Arte de la lengua mexicana y castellana. Obra impresa en México, por Pedro Ocharte, en 1571, y ahora reproducida en facmímil de original, facilitado por D. Antonio Graiño. Madrid, Ediciones Cultura Hispánica, 1945.  

Molina, Alonso de. Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana, por el R. P. Fray Alonso de Molina de la Orden del Bienaventurado Nuestro Padre San Francisco. Obra impresa en México, por Antonio de Spinola en 1571, y ahora editada en facsímil. Madrid: Ediciones Cultura Hispánica, 1944.  

Montemayor, Carlos (coor). Diccionario del náhuatl en el español de México. Mexico City: UNAM, 2007.  

Olmos, Fr. Andrés de. Arte para aprender la lengva mexicana (1547). Facsimile. Mexico City: Imprenta de Ignacio Escalante, 1885.  

Online Etymological Dictionary. http://www.etymonline.com  

Remigio Noydens, Benito (1630-1685). Parte primera del Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española and Parte segunda del Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española. Madrid: Melchor Sánchez, 1674. Expansions of Sebastián de Covarrubias y Orozco, Tesoro de la lengua castellana o española, 1611.  

Robelo, Cecilio A. Diccionario de aztequizmos. Mexico City: Imp. Del Museo Naional de Arqueología, Historia y Etnología, 1912.  

Suárez, Jorge A. “La influencia del español en la estructura gramatical del náhuatl.” Anuario de Letras. Revista de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras 15, 115-164. Mexico City: Centro de Linguística Hispánica, 1977.  

Suárez, Jorge A. The Mesoamerian Indian Languages. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 1983.  

Traugott, E. C. “The Rhetoric of Counter Expectation in Semantic Change: A Study in Subjectification.” In Historical Semantics and Cognition, edited by A. Blank and P. Koch, 177-196. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter, 1999.  

Traugott, E. C., and R. B. Dasher. Regularity in Semantic Change, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.  

Tavárez, David. “Historical Linguistics.” Oxford Online Bibliographies in Anthropology. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013. Website.  

Tavárez, David. “Language and Ritual.” In The Cambridge Handbook of Linguistic Anthropology, edited by N. J. Enfield, Paul Kockelman, and Jack Sidnell. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.  

Téllez Nieto, Heréndira. Vocabulario trilingüe en español-latín-náhuatl tribuido a Fray Bernardino de Sahagún. Mexico City: Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, 2010.  

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Von Gleich, U., and W. Wölck. “Changes in Language Use and Attitudes of Quechua-Spanish Bilinguals in Peru.” In Language in the Andes, edited by P. Cole, G. Hermon, and M. D. Martín, 27-50. Newark: University of Delaware Press, 1994.  

Wolf, Paul P. de. Diccionario español-náhuatl. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2003.  

Zamora Munne, Juan Clemente. Indigenismos en la lengua de los conquistadores. San Juan, Puerto Rico: Editorial Universitaria Universidad de Puero Rico, 1976.

Literature  

Darío, Rubén. “Los motivos del lobo.” Online facsimile. http://www.franciscanos.org/sfa/gubbio.html  

Hull, Kerry M., and Michael D. Carrasco. Genre, Discourse, and Poetics in Contemporary, Colonial, and Classic Period Maya Literature. Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 2012.  

Jensen, Maarten. “Indigenous Literary Heritage.” Latin American Research Review 50, no. 2 (2015): 239-247.  

Kazantzakis, Nikos. Saint Francis: A Novel. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1962.  

Mistral, Gabriela. Motivos: The Life of St. Francis. Translated by Elizabeth Horan. Tempe, Arizona: Bilingual Press, 2012.  

Nabhan, Gary Paul. Songbirds, Truffles, and Wolves: An American Naturalist in Italy. New York: Pantheon Books, 1993.

Location-Specific Texts  

The citations that follow are specifically of secondary sources and do not attempt to categorize primary sources by location. The function of this section is purely

43

heuristic and to categorize references that are clearly specific to particular, welldelimited locations or archaeological sites such as Santa Catalina de Guale (St. Catherines) Island, Tenochtitlan, and Zacatecas. States like New Mexico, Texas, Querétaro, and Coahuila appear in the general secondary references. No attempt has been made to cross-reference by location or to list any citation twice in separate sections.

Arizona  

Engelhart, Zephyrin. The Franciscans in Arizona. Harbor Springs, MI: Holy childhood Indian school, 1899.  

Mongomery, Ross. Franciscan Awatovi: The Excavation and Conjectural Reconstruction of a 17th-Century Spanish Mission Establishment at a Hopi Indian Town in Northeastern Arizona.  

Papers of the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, vol. 36, Reports of the Awatovi Expedition. Peabody Museum, Harvard University. Report, No. 3. Cambridge, MA: 1949.  

Toppi, Sergio, Georges Baudot, and Jean-Pierre Sánchez. Las fabulosas ciudades de Arizona: Los tesoros de Cibola. Introduction by Georges Baudot and JeanPierre Sánchez. Illustrations by Sergio Toppi. Barcelona, Spain: Planeta de Agostini and Quinto Centenario, 1992.

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Assisi  

Basile, Giuseppe. I colori de Giotto: La Basilica di Assisi, Restauro e restituzione virtuale. Milano, Italy: Silvana Editoriale, 2010.  

Bonsanti, Giorgio. La volta della Basilica Superiore di Assisi. Photography by Ghigo Roli. Modena, Italy: Franco Cosimo Panini Editore, 1997.  

Collarini, Mario, Giuseppe Ferdinandi, Nicola Giandomenico, and GianMaria Polidoro. Assisi: Profezia di pace. Assisi, Italy: Casa Editrice Francescana, 1987.  

Francalancia, Marco, and Enrico Sciamanna. Assisi. Assisi, Italy: Minerva editrice, 2009.  

Lunghi, Elvio. The Basilica of St. Francis of Assisi. New York, NY: Riverside Book Company, 1996.  

Magro, Pasquale. Il Sepolcro de San Francesco: La celebrazione del santo negli affreschi della Basilica Inferiore. Assisi, Italy: Casa Editrice Francescana, 1982.  

Malafarina, Gianfranco. La Basilica di San Francesco. Modena, Italy: Franco Cosimo Panini Editore, 2005.  

Mancini, Giulio. The Sanctuary of San Damiano: Recalling the Soul. Assisi, Italy: Edizioni Porziuncola, 2009.  

Romanini, Angiola Maria. Assisi: The Frescoes in the Basilica of St. Francis. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, no date.  

Sciamanna, Enrico. Assisi. Photography by Marco Francalancia. Assisi, Italy: Minerva Editrice, 2009.  

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Cádiz  

González Torres, Javier. “El arte franciscano en la catedral de Jérez (Cádiz).” In El franciscanismo en Andalucía: El arte franciscano en las catedrales andaluzas, Conferencias del VII Curso de Verano, Priego de Córdoba, del 31 de julio al 5 de agosto de 2001, edited by Manuel Peláez del Rosal, 213-226. Córdoba: CajaSur, Obra Social y Cultural, 2005. Ciudad Rodrigo  

Azofra, Eduardo, ed. La Catedral de Ciudad Rodrigo: Visiones y revisiones. Salamanca, Spain: Gráficas Varona, Diputación de Salamanca, Caja Duero Obra Social, and Diócesis de Ciudad Rodrigo, 2006.  

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Ruiz Gutiérrez, Luís. Florilegio Franciscano Mirobrigense. Ciudad Rodrigo, Spain. Self published.  

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Sala Sivera, Joan Miquel. Catedral de Ciudad Rodrigo. Spain: Lletra, S.L., 2006.  

Vicente, Santos Vicente. Catedral de Santa María, Ciudad Rodrigo. Salamanca, Spain: Imprenta Kadmos, 2006. Cortona  

Ricci, Teobaldo. “Le Celle” of Cortona: Franciscan Hermitage of 1211. Historical Background and Spirituality. Photography by Paolo Sfriso. Translated by Leonardo Gilliland. Cortona, Italy: Arti Tipografiche Toscane, 2007.  

46

Ricci, Teobaldo. I sei grandi delle Celle di Cortona. Firenze, Italy: Casa Editrice Leo S. Olschki, 2007.

Cusco (Cuzco)  

Angles Vargas, Victor. Historia del Cusco. Vol. 1. Lima: Self-published, 1978.

47

48

Gubbio  

Santini, Loretta. Gubbio: Art, History, Folklore. Sesto Fiorentino, Italy: Centro Stampa Editoriale, no date. Iberian Peninsula, Overall  

Actas: III Congreso Internacional sobre el Franciscanismo en la Península Ibérica. El viaje de San Francisco por la Península Ibérica y su legado (1214-2014). Córdoba, Spain: Ediciones el Almendro, 2010. La Verna  

Bargellini, Piero. La Robbiane della Verna. Genova, Italy: B. N. Marconi, no date. León  

Estepa Diez, Carlos, et al. Real Colegiata de San Isidoro: Relicario de la Monarquía Leonesa. Leon: Edilesa, 2007.  

Robles García, Constantino, and Fernando Llamazares Rodríguez. Real Colegiata de San Isidoro: Historia, arqitectura y arte. León, Spain: Edilesa, 2008. Mexico  

Altamirano, Ignacio M. Selección de obras del Lic. Ignacio M. Altamirano formada con el motivo del primer centenario de su nacimiento. Mexico City: Secretaría de Edicación Pública, 1934.  

Vera, Fortino Hipólito. Itinerario parroquial del arzobispado de México y reseña histórica, geográfica y estadística de las parroquias del mismo arzobispado. (Facsimile editions 1880, 1889, 1881). Toluca: Biblioteca enciclopédica del Estado de México, 1981.  

Vera, Fortino Hipólito. Santuario del Sacromonte. Amecameca, Mexico: 1888. Oxford  

Little, A. G. “The Franciscan School at Oxford in the Thirteenth Century.” Archivum Franciscanum Historicum 19 (1926): 803-74 Peru  

Canedo, Lino G. Crónica franciscana de las provincias del Perú. 1630-1651. New edition with notes and introduction by Diego de Córdova Salinas. Washington: Publications of the Academy of American Franciscan History, 1957.  

Cummins, Thomas. Los incas, reyes del Peru. Lima: Banco de Crédito, 2005.  

Guevara Salvatierra, Oscar. Historia de la cultura peruana. Vol. I. Lima: Universidad Alas Peruanas, 2013.  

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Tibesar, Antonine. Franciscan Beginnings in Colonial Peru. Washington, DC: Academy of American Franciscan History, 1953. Rome  

Cattani, Riccardo. St. John Lateran. Rome: Macart, no date. Sacri monti/Montañas sagradas/Sacred Mountains Italy, France, Switzerland  

Benedetto, Carola. Natività nei Sacri Monti del Piemonte e della Lombardia. Regione Piemonte, Settore Parchi Naturali: Centro de Documenazione dei Sacri Monti, 2007.  

Bianconi, Piero, et. al. Il sacro monte sopra Varese. Milano: Gruppo Editoriale Electa, 1981.  

Butler, Samuel. Ex Voto. 1888. Reprint, London: J. Cape, 1928.  

Ente di Gestione delle Riserve Naturali Speciali del Sacro Monte di Orta, del Monte Mesma, e del Colle della Torre de Buccione. Antiche guide del sacro monte di Orta (Tra XVII e XVIII secolo). Sacro Monte di Orta: San Giulio, 2008.  

Langé, Santino. Sacri Monti piemontesi e Lombardi. Milan: Tamburini, 1967.  

Manzini, Padre Angelo María. Chiesa dei Santi Nicolao e Francesco: Santuario della madre del redentore. Orta San Giulio, Italy: Comunità Franciscana Orta San Giulio, 2010.  

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Trovati, P. Angelo. The Sacro Monte of Varallo. Novara: I.G.D.A., 1965.  

Varese Musei. La cripta romanica del santuario di Santa Maria del Monte. Varese: Nomos Edizioni, 2015. San Antonio, Texas  

Fisher, Lewis F. Alamo to Espada: A Vintage Postcard Profile of San Antonio’s Spanish Missions. San Antonio, TX: Maverick Publishing Company, 2001.  

Torres, Luis. San Antonio Missions. Tucson, AZ; Western National Parks Association, 1993. Santa Catalina de Guale (St. Catherines Island, Georgia)  

Thomas, David Hurst. The Archaeology of Mission Santa Catalina de guale: 1. Search and Discovery. In Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History. Vol. 63, part 2, June 12, 1987. Santiago de Compostela and Pilgrimage to the City  

Filgueria Valverde, Jose. Historias de Compostela. Vigo, Spain: Edicións Xerais de Galicia, S. A., 1970.  

50

García Iglesias, José Manuel, ed. Los Caminos de Santiago en Galicia. Santiago de Compostela, Galicia: Xunta de Galicia, 2004.  

Gitlitz, David M., and Linda Kay Davidson. The Pilgrimage Road to Santiago: The Complete Cultural Handbook. New York: St. Martin’s Griffin, 2000.  

Valiña Sampedro, Elías, et al. El Camino de Santiago: Estudio histórico-jurídico. Madrid, Spain: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto Enrique Flórez, 1971. Spain  

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Hagerty, Miguel José. Los libros plumbeos del Sacromonte. Madrid: Editorial Nacional, 1980. Subiaco, Italy  

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Tagliacozzo  

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Tenochtitlan  

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Music and Music Related (Dance, Song, and Other)  

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Cantalamessa, Raniero. Laudato si: Il cantico delle creature. DVD. Torino, Italy: Frati Minori Cappuccini, no date.

Policy and Law  

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De la Hera, Alberto. “Evolución de las doctrinas sobre las relaciones entre la Iglesia y el poder temporal,” Derecho Canónico, Pamplona, 1975.  

De la Hera, Alberto. “El regalismo indiano.” In Historia de la Iglesia en Hispanoamérica y Filipinas. Vol. I, aspectos generales, Madrid, BAC, 1992, 81-97.  

Fabián y Fuero, Francisco, Colección de providencias diocesanas del obispado de la Puebla de los Ángeles, hechas y ordenadas por su señoría ilustrísima D. Francisco Fabián y Fuero, Puebla de los Ángeles, Seminario Palafoxiano. 1770.  

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Floris Margadant S., Guillermo. La Iglesia mexicana y el derecho: Introducción histórica al derecho canónico, los concordatos, el patronato real de la Iglesia y el derecho estatal referente a lo eclesiástico. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa, 1984.  

“Francisco Antonio de Lorenzana, peninsular vs Cayetano de Torres, criollo.” Actas del X Congreso Internacional de la Asociación Española de Americanistas. Sevilla: 2002.  

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Heath, Shirley Brice. La política del lenguaje en México, de la colonia a la nación. Mexico City: Secretaría de Educación Pública, Instituto Nacional Indigenista, 1972.  

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Lodares, Juan R. “Languages, Catholicism, and Power in the Hispanc Empire (1500-1776).” In Echávez-Solano, Nelsy and Kenya C. Dworkin y Méndez, Spanish and Empire. Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Pres, 2007.  

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Luque Alcaide, Elisa. “Reforma eclesiástica americana: el regalismo conciliar y sus protagonistas. Debate sobre el indio en el IV Concilio Provincial mexicano (1771).” In Actas del Simposio: El Reformismo borbónico y las élites ilustradas en América. Departamento de Historia de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 27 y 28 de abril de 2001.  

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Zahino Peñafort, Luisa. El cardenal Lorenzana y el IV Concilio Provincial Mexicano. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa; Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas, UNAM; Universidad Castilla-La Mancha; Cortes de Castilla-La Mancha, 1999.  

Zahino Peñafort, Luisa. “El convento de Jesús María ante el IV Concilio Provincial Mexicano.” Separata de las Actas del I Congreso Internacional sobre la orden concepcionista. León: Universidad de León, 1990.  

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Zahino Peñafort, Luisa. Iglesia y Sociedad en México 1765-1800: Tradición, Reforma y Reacciones. Mexico City: UNAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Jurídicas, 1996.

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Tavárez, David. “Boundaries of Evangelization: From Ideologies of Translation to Dialectics of Reception in Early and Mid-Colonial Nahua Doctrinal Genres.” Working Paper 98-11, International Seminar on the History of the Atlantic World, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 1998.  

Tavárez, David. “De cantares zapotecas a ‘libros del demonio’: La extirpación de discursos doctrinales híbridos en Villa Alta.” Acervos: Boletín de los Archivos y Bibliotecas de Oaxaca 17 (2000): 19-27.  

Tavárez, David. “Los cantos zapotecos de Villa Alta: Dos géneros rituales indígenas y sus correspondencias con los Cantares Mexicanos.” Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl 39 (2009): 87-126.  

Tavárez, David. “Ciclos punitivos, economías del castigo, y estrategias indígenas ante la extirpación de idolatrías en Oaxaca y México.” In Nuevas perspectivas sobre el castigo de la heterodoxia en la Nueva España, edited by Ana de Zaballa, 37-56. Bilbao: Universidad del País Vasco, 2005.  

Tavárez, David. “Colonial Evangelization and Native Resistance: The Interplay of Native Political Autonomy and Ritual Practices in Villa Alta, 1700-1704.” In Interpreting Colonialism, edited by Byron Wells and Philip Stewart, 209-30. Oxford: The Voltaire Foundation, 2004.  

Tavárez, David. “Communal Defiance, Divided Allegiances: Zapotec Responses to Idolatry Extirpation Campaigns, 1679-1704.” In Religion in New Spain, edited by Susan Schroeder and Stafford Poole, 46-62. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2007.  

Tavárez, David. “La cosmología colonial zapoteca a través de los cantares de Villa Alta.” In Las lenguas otomangues y oaxaqueñas ante el siglo XXI, edited by Sebastian Van Doesburg and Michael Swanton, 35-57. Oaxaca: Fondo Editorial, IIEPO-INALI, 2008.  

Tavárez, David. “Cristo en la Sierra Norte: La reinterpretación del cristianismo en un género ritual y musical zapoteco.” In Ritual sonoro en catedral y parroquias, edited by Sergio Navarrete, 203-29. Mexico City: CIESAS, 2013.  

Tavárez, David. Description of the Tovar Manuscript commissioned by the John Carter Brown Library for “The Aztec Empire” exhibition catalogue. New York: The S. Guggenheim Museum, 2004.  

Tavárez, David. “Education in Ancient Mesoamerica.” Vol. 1 of Encyclopedia of Latin America, edited by J. Michael Francis. Washington, DC: Facts on File, 2009.  

Tavárez, David. “Escritura y disención: Resistencia y cosmologías alternas en el México colonial.” Revista de Indias 69, no. 247 (2009): 81-104.  

Tavárez, David. “La extirpación de discursos doctrinales híbridos en Villa Alta.” Ciudades mestizas: Intercambios y continuidades en la expansión occidental, siglos XVI A XIX: Actas del Tercer Congreso Internacional Mediadores Culturales, Mexico City, 1997.  

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Tavárez, David. “Una fuente vaticana inédita sobre la rebelión tzeltal de 1712: La Sucinta relación de fray Gabriel de Artiga al Prior General dominico (1713)”. In Anuario del Instituto de Estudios Indígenas. Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, Mexico: Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, 1999.  

Tavárez, David. “Un género doctrinal híbrido: Los libana (cantos cristianos) de Villa Alta.” In Historia Documental de México, vol. 1, revised edition, edited by Miguel León-Portilla, 185-233. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 2013.  

Tavárez, David. “Las guerras invisibles: Respuesta a Piazza.” Historia Mexicana 63, no. 3 (2013): 1267-84.  

Tavárez, David. “La idolatría letrada: Un análisis comparativo de textos clandestinos rituales y devocionales en comunidades nahuas y zapotecas, 1613-1654”. Historia Mexicana 49, no. 2 (1999): 197-252.  

Tavárez, David. “Idolatry as an Ontological Question: Native Consciousness and Juridical Proof in Colonial Mexico.” Journal of Early Modern History 6, no. 2 (2002): 114-39.  

Tavárez, David. “Legally Indian: Inquisitorial Readings of Indigenous Identities in New Spain.” In Imperial Subjects: Race and Identity in Colonial Latin America, edited by Andrew B. Fisher and Matthew D. O’Hara, 81-100. Durham: Duke University Press, 2009.  

Tavárez, David. “Letras clandestinas, textos tolerados: Los intelectuales locales nahuas y zapotecos en el siglo XVII.” In Élites intelectuales y modelos colectivos en el mundo ibérico, siglos XVI-XIX, edited by Jesús Bustamante and Mónica Quijada, 59-82. Madrid: C.S.I.C., 2002.  

Tavárez, David. “Nahua Intellectuals, Franciscan Scholars, and the devotio moderna in Colonial Mexico.” The Americas 70, no. 2 (2013): 203-235.  

Tavárez, David. “Naming the Trinity: From Ideologies of Translation to Dialectics of Reception in Colonial Nahua Texts, 1547-1771.” Colonial Latin American Review 9, no. 1 (2000): 21-47.  

Tavárez, David. “Native American Religions.” In The Princeton Companion to Atlantic History, edited by Joseph Miller. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2014.  

Tavárez, David. “Nicachi Songs: Zapotec Ritual Texts and Postclassic Ritual Knowledge in Colonial Oaxaca.” Research report archived online by the Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies. 2005. www.famsi.org.  

Tavárez, David. “The Passion According to the Wooden Drum: The Christian Appropriation of a Zapotec Ritual Genre in New Spain.” The Americas 62, no. 3 (2006): 413-44.  

Tavárez, David. “Reclaiming the Conquest: An Assessment of Chimalpahin’s Modifications to López de Gómara’s La conquista de México.” In Chimalpahin’s Conquest: An Indigenous Historian’s Reading of López de Gómara’s “La conquista de México,”edited and translated by Susan Schroeder, Anne Cruz, Cristián Roa, and David Tavárez, 17-34. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2010.  

Tavárez, David. “Religion in the Pre-Contact New World: Mesoamerica and the Andes.” In The Cambridge History of Religions in Latin America, edited by Virginia Garrard-Burnett, Paul Freston, and Stephen Dove. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, forthcoming.  

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Tavárez, David. “República de Indios.” Vol. 1 of Encyclopedia of Latin America, edited by J. Michael Francis. Washington, DC: Facts on File, 2009.  

Tavárez, David. “República de Indios.” Encyclopedia of Mexico: History, Society, and Culture, 1255-1259. Edited by Michael Werner. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1997.  

Tavárez, David. “Sacred Time and Colonial Authority: Representations of Spanish Rule in the Zapotec Calendars of Villa Alta.” In The Conquest All Over Again: Nahuas and Zapotecs Thinking, Writing, and Painting Spanish Colonialism, edited by Susan Schroeder, 206-25. Sussex: Sussex Academic Press, 2010.  

Tavárez, David. “The Social Reproduction of Late Postclassic Ritual Practices in Early Colonial Central Mexico.” Research report archived online by the Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies. 2000. www.famsi.org.  

Tavárez, David. “Zapotec Time, Alphabetic Writing and the Public Sphere.” Special issue, Graphic Pluralism, Ethnohistory 57, no. 1 (2010): 73-85.  

Tavárez, David, and John Chuchiak. “Conversion and the Spiritual Conquest.” In Religion and Society in Latin America, edited by L. Penyak and W. Petry, 6682. New York: Orbis Books, 2009.   

Tavárez, David, and John Justeson. “The Correlation of the Colonial Northern Zapotec Calendar with European Chronology.” In Skywatching in the Ancient World: New Perspectives in Cultural Astronomy Studies in Honor of Anthony F. Aveni, edited by Clive Ruggles and Gary Urton, 17-81. Niwot: University of Colorado Press, 2007.  

Tavárez, David, and John Justeson. “Eclipse Records in a Corpus of Colonial Zapotec 260-Day Calendars.” Ancient Mesoamerica 19, no. 1 (2008): 67-81.   Tavárez, David, and Kimbra Smith. “La etnohistoria en América: Crónica de una disciplina bastarda.” Special issue, Ethnohistory, Desacatos 7 (2001): 11-20.   Teixeira, Celso Márcio. “San Francisco y lo femenino.” Cuadernos Franciscanos 102 (1993). http://www.franciscanos.net/clara/francfemenino.htm.  

Tibesar, Antonine. Franciscan Beginnings in Colonial Peru. Washington, DC: Academy of American Franciscan History, 1953.  

Thomas, David Hurst. “Materiality Matters: Colonial Transformations Spanning the Southwestern and Southeastern Borderlands.” In Transformations during the Colonial Era: Divergent Histories in the American Southwest, edited by John G. Douglass and William M. Graves. Boulder: University Press of Colorado, forthcoming.  

Thomas, Hugh. Conquest: Montezuma, Cortés, and the Fall of Old Mexico. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.  

Thomson, W. R. Friars in the Cathedral: The First Franciscan Bishops 12251261. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1975.  

Thompson, A. Cities of God: The Religion of the Italian Communes 1125-1325. University Park, PA, Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005.  

Thompson, A. Revival Preachers and Politics in 13th Century Italy. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1992.  

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Thompson, J. E. S. “The Grolier Codex.” The Book Collector 25, no. 1 (1976): 64–75.  

Thompson, J. Eric S. “The Grolier Codex.” Contributions of the University of California Archaeological Research Facility 2, no. 27 (1975): 1–9.  

Tolan, John. Saint Francis and the Sultan: The Curious History of a ChristianMuslim Encounter. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. Asia and Colonial Latin America : XXX International Congress of Human Sciences in Asia and North Africa. Mexico City: Colegio de México: 1981.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. La Constitución de Apatzingán y los creadores del Estado mexicano. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas, 1964.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. Fray Bernardino de Sahagún. Mexico City: Instituto Cultural Domecq, 1991.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. “Fray Juan de Zumárraga y Juan José de Eguiara y Eguren. Una raza, dos hombres, una acción común.” Historia Mexicana 40, no. 3 (1991): 453-62.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. Fray Pedro de Gante: Maestro y civilizador de México. Mexico City: Seminario de Cultura Mexicana, 1973.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. “La Iglesia en México, de la guerra de Independencia a la Reforma.” Estudios de historia moderna y contemporánea de México, no. 1 (1965): 9-34.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. Juan Ruiz de Alarcón y el nacionalismo mexicano. Mexico City: 1990.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. Las leyes del Descubrimiento y Conquista de América en los siglos XVI y XVII. Mexico City: Junta de Investigaciones Históricas, No. 3, 1948.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. Las reducciones de los pueblos de indios en los siglos XVI y XVII. Mexico City: 1952.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la, and Miguel Huerta Maldonado. Fray Pedro de Gante: Maestro y civilizador de América y la doctrina cristiana en lengua mexicana de 1553. Mexico City: Seminario de Cultura Mexicana, 2001.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la, and Ramiro Navarro de Anda. Biblioteca mexicana. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coordinación de Humanidades, 1986.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la, and Ramiro Navarro de Anda. Coahuila: Tierra anchurosa de indios, mineros y hacendados. Mexico City: SIDERMEX, 1985.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la, and Ramiro Navarro de Anda. El Colegio de San Juan: Centro de formación de la cultura poblana: Hitos de su historia y catálogo de sus colegiales. Puebla, Mexico: Universidad de las Américas, 2007.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la, and Ramiro Navarro de Anda. Historia de México. Vol. I, Época prehispánica y colonial. Mexico City: McGraw-Hill, 1992.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la, and Ramiro Navarro de Anda. Instrucciones y memorias de los virreyes novohispanos. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa, 1991.  

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Torre Villar, Ernesto de la, and Ramiro Navarro de Anda. Metodología de la investigación bibliográfica, arthivística y documental. Mexico City: Libros McGraw-Hill de México, 1982.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la, and Ramiro Navarro de Anda. Testimonios históricos guadalupanos. Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 1982, 1999.  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la, Ramiro Navarro de Anda, and Ramón Vargas López. Diario de un cura de pueblo y la relación de los señores curas que han servido la Parroquia de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Tlatlauqui. Mexico City: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia; Secretaría de Cultura del Gobierno del Estado de Puebla, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, 2006.  

Townsend, Camilla. “Burying the White Gods: New Perspectives on the Conquest of Mexico.” American Historical Review 108 (June 2003): 659-687.  

Townsend, Richard F. The Aztecs. Revised second edition. London: Thames & Hudson, 2000.  

Trembinski, Donna. “Non Alter Christus: Early Dominican Lives of Saint Francis.” Franciscan Studies 63 (2005): 69-106.  

Trexler, Richard C. Naked Before the Father: The Renunciation of Francis of Assisi. New York: P. Lang, 1989.  

Tugwell, Simon. Early Dominicans: Selected Writings. Classics of Western Spirituality: London, 1982.  

Turley, Steven E. Franciscan Spirituality and Mission in New Spain, 1514-1599. Farnham, UK: Ashgate, 2014.  

Vail, Gabrielle, Victoria R. Bricker, Anthony F. Aveni, Harvey M. Bricker, John F. Chuchiak, Christine L. Hernández, Bryan R. Just, Martha J. Macri, and Merideth Paxton. “New Perspectives on the Madrid Codex.” Current Anthropology 44 (supplement to special issue: Multiple Methodologies in Anthropological Research, December 2003): S105–S111. doi:10.1086/379270  

Vail, Gabrielle, and Anthony Aveni. “El códice madrid, un viejo documento revela nuevos secretos.” Arqueología Mexicana XVI, no. 93 (September-October 2008): 74–81.  

Val, José María Alonso del. “El milenarismo en la primera evangelización de los franciscanos en América.” In Milenarismos y milenaristas en la Europa medieval: IX Semana de Estudios Medievales, Nájera, 1998, coord. by José Ignacio de la Iglesia Duarte, 365-82. Logroño, Spain: Instituto de Estudios Riojanos, 1999.  

Vargas Lugo, Elisa, and Marco Díaz. “Historia, leyenda y tradición en una serie franciscana.” Anales del Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas 44 (1975): 59-82.  

Vicaire, M. H. Father. Saint Dominic and His Times. Darton, Longman & Todd: London, 1964.  

Vitoria, Francisco de. Political Writings. Edited by Anthony Padgen and Jeremy Lawrance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.  

Vorreux, Damien. A Franciscan Symbol, the Tau: History, Theology, and Iconography. Chicago: Franciscan Herald Press, 1979.  

Wagner, Henry R. The Rise of Fernando Cortés. 1944. Reprint, New York: Kraus, 1969.  

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Warner, Keith Douglass. Knowledge for Love: Franciscan Science as the Pursuit of Wisdom. Franciscan Heritage Series, vol. 8. St. Bonaventure, NY: St. Bonaventure University, 2012.  

Warren, J. Benedict. The Conquest of Michoacán: The Spanish Domination of the Tarascan Kingdom in Western Mexico, 1521-1530. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1985.  

Warren, Kathleen. Daring to Cross the Threshold: Francis of Assisi Encounters Sultan Malek Al-Kamil. Rochester, MN: Sisters of St. Francis, 2003.  

Weckmann, Luis. The Medieval Heritage of Mexico. Translated by Frances M. López-Morillas. New York: Fordham University Press, 1992.  

West, Delno. “Medieval Ideas of Apocalyptic Mission and the Early Franciscans in Mexico.” The Americas 45 (1989): 293-313.  

Wiedemann, Hans G., Klaus-Werner Brzezinka, Klaus Witke, and Ingolf Lamprecht. “Thermal and Raman-spectroscopic analysis of Maya Blue carrying artefacts, especially fragment IV of the Codex Huamantla.” Thermochimica Acta 456, no. 1 (2007): 56–63.  

Whiting, Thomas A. L. “The Maya Codices.” In Maya, edited by Peter Schmidt, Mercedes de la Garza, Enrique Nalda. New York: Rizzoli, 1998.  

Wolf, Kenneth Baxter. The Poverty of Riches: St. Francis of Assisi Reconsidered. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.  

Yates, Donna. “Grolier Codex.” Trafficking Culture: Researching the Global Traffic in Looted Cultural Objects, August 11, 2012. http://traffickingculture.org/encyclopedia/case-studies/grolier-codex/  

Zavala, Silvio. Los esclavos indios en Nueva España. Mexico City: Colegio Nacional, 1967.  

Zavala, Silvio. Las instituciones jurídicas en la conquista de América. 3rd ed. Mexico City: Editorial Porrúa, 1988.  

Zantwijk, Rudolph van. The Aztec Arrangement: The Social History of Pre-Spanish Mexico. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1985.  

Zorich, Zach. “The Maya Sense of Time.” Archaeology 65, no. 6 (NovemberDecember 2012): 25–29.

Book Reviews  

Calvo, Thomas. Review of Destierro de sombras, luz en el origen de la imagen y culto de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Tepeyac, by Edmundo O’Gorman. Annales: Histoire, Sciences Sociales 44, no. 3 (1989): 588-89.  

Dyck, Jason. Review Essay, “Indigenous and Black Intellectuals in the Lettered City.” Latin American Research Review 50, no. 2 (2015): 256-66.  

Houston, Stephen D. Review of The Paris Codex: Handbook for a Maya Priest. American Anthropologist 99, no. 2 (June 1997): 459–60. doi:10.1525/ aa.1997.99.2.459.  

Navarro de Anda, Ramiro. Review of Los grabados de la historia antigua de México, by Ernesto de la Torre Villar, et al. Revista de Historia de América, no. 93 (1982): 160-61.  

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Navarro de Anda, Ramiro. Review of Testimonios históricos mexicanos en los repositorios europeos: Guía para su estudio, by Ernesto de la Torre Villar. Revista de Historia de América 91 (1981): 144-45.  

Poole, Stafford. Review of Topiltzin and Quetzalcoatl: The Once and Future Lord of the Toltecs, by H. B. Nicholson. Ethnohistory 50, no. 4 (Fall 2003): 739-40.  

Stuart, George E. Review of “Los Codices Mayas.” Archaeoastronomy IX, no. 1-4 (1986): 164–76.  

Tavárez, David. Review of El cristianismo en el espejo indígena, by Gerardo Lara Cisneros. The Americas 62, no. 3 (2006): 502-04.  

Tavárez, David. Review of Cultural Politics in Colonial Tehuantepec, by Judith Zeitlin. American Anthropologist 108, no. 3 (2005): 629-30.  

Tavárez, David. Review of El Fuego de la inobediencia. Autonomía y rebelión india en el obispado de Oaxaca, by Héctor Díaz-Polanco, ed. Hispanic American Historical Review 79, no. 1 (1999): 119-20.  

Tavárez, David. Review of The Mixtecs of Colonial Oaxaca, by Kevin Terraciano. Colonial Latin American Review 12, no. 2 (2003): 260-62.  

Tavárez, David. Review of The Möbius Strip. A Spatial History of Colonial Society in Guerrero, Mexico, by Jonathan Amith. Itinerario 30, no. 2 (2006): 178-80.  

Tavárez, David. Review of Nahuatl Theater, Vol. I, by Barry Sell and Louise Burkhart. Ethnohistory 53, no. 4 (2006): 786-87.  

Tavárez, David. Review of Nahuatl Theater, Vol. II, by Barry Sell and Louise Burkhart. Ethnohistory 55, no. 2 (2008): 349-51.  

Tavárez, David. Review of The Origins of Mexican Catholicism, by Osvaldo Pardo. Itinerario 29, no. 3 (2005): 182-84.  

Tavárez, David. Review of The Story of Guadalupe: Luis Lasso de la Vega’s Huei Tlamahuiçoltica of 1649, by James Lockhart, Stafford Poole, and Lisa Sousa, trans. and eds. Hispanic American Historical Review 79, no. 4 (1999): 753-54.  

Tavárez, David. Review of Time, History & Belief in Aztec & Colonial Mexico, by Ross Hassig. Ethnohistory 52, no. 1 (2005): 233-35.  

Tavárez, David. Review of Transcending Conquest, by Stephanie Wood. H-LatAm, August 2005, www.h-net.org.  

Tavárez, David. Review of Women Who Live Evil Lives, by M. Few. Mesoamerica 47 (2005): 187-89.  

Tavárez, David. Review of Writing Indians, by Hilary Wyss. Itinerario 28, no. 3 (2005).  

Torre Villar, Ernesto de la. Review of Las primeras juntas eclesiásticas de México (1524-1555) by Cristóforo Gutiérrez Vega. Estudios de Historia Novohispana. Vol 48 (2013): Enero-Junio 2013. http://www.revistas.unam.mx/index.php/ehn/article/view/3371  

Vail, Gabrielle. “The Maya Codices.” Annual Review of Anthropology 35 (2006): 497–519. doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.35.081705.123324

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Electronic Resources  

Websites (Includes libraries, project reports, archives, dictionaries, and others)  

ADEVA ADEVA - Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt Graz - A-8042 Graz, St. Peter Hauptstraße 98 - Tel/Phone: +43 (0)316 46 3003 - Fax +43 (0)316 46 3003-24 http://www.adeva.com/home_en.asp  

Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History http://digitallibrary.amnh.org/dspace/handle/2246/6  

Archivo de la Real Chancillería de Valladolid http://www.mecd.gob.es/portada-mecd/  

Archivo General de Indias http://www.mecd.gob.es/cultura-mecd/areas-cultura/archivos/mc/archivos/agi/ portada.html  

Biblioteca Mexicana Digital http://bdmx.mx/  

Bernardino de Sahagún, Códices matritenses de la Real Biblioteca (Madrid) http://bdmx.mx/detalle/?id_cod=34  

Códice de Yanhuitlán http://bdmx.mx/detalle_documento/?id_cod=32  

Biblioteca Nacional de España http://www.bne.es/es/Catalogos/HemerotecaDigital/OtrasHemerotecas/  

Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes http://www.cervantesvirtual.com/portales/hemeroteca/  

Bibliothèque nationale de France http://www.bnf.fr/en/tools/a.welcome_to_the_bnf.html  

Brigham Young University (BYU) William Gates Special Collection http://cdm15999.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/search/collection/p15999coll16/ searchterm/william%20gates/order/nosort  

Directorio Franciscano http://www.franciscanos.org/frandp/menup.html  

Directorio Franciscano. Enciclopedia Franciscana http://www.franciscanos.org/enciclopedia/menud.html  

Directorio Franciscano, Santoral Franciscano http://www.franciscanos.org/santoral/menud.html  

Early Nahuatl Library http://enl.uoregon.edu/  

Electronic Resources from Smithsonian Institution Libraries http://www.sil.si.edu/eresources/silpurl.cfm?purl=0071-1675  

Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI) http://www.famsi.org/index.html  

The Franciscan Archive https://franciscan-archive.org/index2.html  

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La fundación de Zacatecas y el Camino de la Plata http://www.geocities.ws/revista_conciencia/zacatecas.html  

John Pohl’s Mesoamerica http://www.famsi.org/research/pohl/index.html  

Library of Congress http://www.loc.gov/  

Catalog Library of Congress http://catalog.loc.gov/  

Lilly Library, A Catalogue of Pre-1840 Nahuatl Works Held by The Lilly Library: a machine-readable transcription http://www.indiana.edu/~liblilly/etexts/nahuatl  

Maya Archives at The Ohio State University http://mayanarchives-popolwuj.osu.edu/  

Maya Vase Database & Precolombian Portfolio http://www.mayavase.com/  

New York Public Library https://catalog.nypl.org/  

Online etymology dictionary http://www.etymonline.com  

Palacio de los Toledo-Moctezuma. http://www.terra.es/personal2/joseabra/ptmocte.htm  

Princeton Digital Library http://pudl.princeton.edu/  

Princeton, Garrett-Gates Mesoamerican Manuscripts http://libweb5.princeton.edu/mssimages/meso-garrettgates1. html#mesogarrettgates1  

Tulane University, Mesoamerican Painted Manuscripts at the Latin American Library http://cdm16313.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/search/collection/p16313coll37  

University of Arizona Library, Colonial and Aztec Codex Facsimiles http://www.library.arizona.edu/exhibits/mexcodex/aztec.htm  

The Website of Dynasties out of Europe. http://www.almanach.be/search/m/mexicomoctezuma.html

Timelines  

General  

American Chronology: Timeline for Discovery and Colonization http://www.usahistory.info/timeline/  

Exploration of North America by Europeans: Timeline 1492 - 1585 http://americanhistory.about.com/od/ageofexploration/a/Timeline-OfExploration-1492-1600.htm http://americanhistory.about.com/od/ageofexploration/a/Timeline-OfExploration-1492-1600.htm

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Florida  

Florida History and timeline: http://www.seefloridaonline.com/common/history/ http://www.pbchistoryonline.org/page/explorers-of-florida  

Martyrs of la Florida Missions http://martyrsoflafloridamissions.org/martyrs.html  

St Augustine timeline: http://www.staugustinehistoricalsociety.org/timeline.pdf  

Visual information timeline of St. Augustine. http://augustine.com/history/timeline.php Georgia  

St Catherines Island by the National Park Service http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/american_latino_heritage/St_Catherines_Island.html

Our Lady of Guadalupe and St. Juan Diego  

Guadalupe and Juan Diego Chronology http://www.stfrancis.clas.asu.edu/resource/guadalupe-and-juan-diegochronology-1474-2007#overlay-context=resource/guadalupe-and-juan-diegochronology-1474-2007

CDs and DVDs  

Family Search: Pedigree Resource File, Disc 14. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.  

Gabriel, Juan, et al. La Rosa de Guadalupe. Fonovisa, 2013.  

Mars, James de. Guadalupe, Our Lady of the Roses/ Guadalupe, Nuestra Señora de las Rosas. Canyon Records, 2008.  

Nican Mopohua. Leído a cuatro voces. Nahuatl and Spanish versions, Miguel León Portilla. Directed by José Luis Ibáñez. Mexio City: Fondo de Cultura Económica, 2009.  

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San Antonio Vocal Arts Ensemble (SAVAE). El milagro de Guadalupe. San Antonio, TX: Iago/Talking Taco Music, 1999.

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St. Francis and the Americas - PDF Free Download (2024)

FAQs

What is the famous prayer of St. Francis? ›

Lord, make me an instrument of your peace: where there is hatred, let me sow love; where there is injury, pardon; where there is doubt, faith; where there is despair, hope; where there is darkness, light; where there is sadness, joy.

What is the most important lesson we can learn from St. Francis? ›

He chose a new life that was based on the spirit and less of a material need. #1 A great lesson here is that he forgave his past. As St. Francis grew in his mission, he knew of his guilty pleasures from the past, but learned to love himself despite his ways.

Why did St. Francis become poor? ›

He chose poverty as his spouse, as his wealth, and sought to be the poorest of men for Christ's sake. From the very beginning of his religious life until his death he had trousers, a tunic, a cord to tie it around himself, and nothing else.

What language did St. Francis speak? ›

Francis learned to read and write Latin at the school near the church of San Giorgio, acquired some knowledge of French language and literature, and was especially fond of the Provenƈal culture of the troubadours. He liked to speak French (although he never did so perfectly) and even attempted to sing in the language.

What is the most famous quote from St. Francis of Assisi? ›

Start by doing what is necessary, then what is possible, and suddenly you are doing the impossible.

Why is St. Francis so special? ›

Francis is known for his ministry to the poor and underprivileged, his care for nature and animals, and founding the Franciscan order. Son of an affluent cloth merchant, St. Francis of Assisi lived in wealth and ease until God used a meeting with a leper to change his heart.

What is Saint Francis the patron saint of? ›

Lived: St. Francis was born in Assisi, Umbria, Italy, in 1181, and died in 1226. Patron Saint of: The environment, animals, and birds because of the respect he gave to all God's creatures.

How did St. Francis of Assisi live like Jesus? ›

It was his joy to follow the poor and humble Christ. Francis was known to practice the virtue of poverty to a high degree, owning no property, living very simply, begging for his food, living among and caring for those who were ostracized from society.

What did St Francis suffer from? ›

Schatzlein and Sulmasy diagnosed leprosy, spe- cifically borderline or tuberculoid leprosy, as the disorder most likely responsible for St. Francis' fatal illness. They based their diagnosis on St. Francis' medical history and the signs and symptoms of his final illness as delineated in the case summary.

Did St Francis do any miracles? ›

Francis performed many miracles, healing the sick, walking on water, and raising the dead—including animals who had been killed for food.

Where is Saint Francis buried? ›

Hidden for almost 600 years, St Francis' tomb was discovered beneath the Basilica di San Francesco in 1818 following a 52-day dig, and painstakingly restored in 2011. You'll find the stone sarcophagus containing the saint's remains in the Cripta di San Francecso in the Basilica Inferiore.

What race was St Francis of Assisi? ›

Francis of Assisi was born c. 1181, one of the children of an Italian father, Pietro di Bernardone dei Moriconi, a prosperous silk merchant, and a French mother, Pica di Bourlemont, about whom little is known except that she was a noblewoman originally from Provence.

What animals did St. Francis talk to? ›

Later, Saint Francis wondered aloud to his companions why he had never preached to birds before. And from that day on, he made it his habit to solicitously invoke all birds, all animals and reptiles to praise and love their Creator.

What religion is the St. Francis prayer? ›

The anonymous text that is usually called the Prayer of Saint Francis (or Peace Prayer, or Simple Prayer for Peace, or Make us an Instrument of Your Peace) is a widely known Christian prayer for peace. Often associated with the Italian Saint Francis of Assisi ( c.

St. Francis of Assisi National Shrine: Life of St ...National Shrine of Saint Francis of Assisihttp://www.shrinesf.org ›

Francis Searches for His Role in Life. Saint Francis of Assisi was born in 1182, the only son of Pietro Bernardone, a wealthy cloth merchant of central Italy. P...

Life of St. Francis of Assisi

Pierced Hearts of Jesus and Mary
https://www.piercedhearts.org
Pierced Hearts of Jesus and Mary
https://www.piercedhearts.org
Saint Francis was born in Assisi (Italy) in 1182. After squandering his youth away in having excessive fun, he converted, renounced his inheritance, and he offe...
Francis of Assisi, one of the Catholic Church's most venerated and beloved saints. St. Francis is known for his ministry to the poor and underprivileged, hi...

What is the intercessory prayer to St Francis of Assisi? ›

Prayer: Heavenly Father, You know all things and nothing is hidden from You. In Your mercy and kindness, and through the intercession of Saint Francis, come to my aid in my present distress and grant my humble petition (mention your request). Amen. Hear me O Lord, and have pity on me.

What is the blessing of St Francis? ›

Blessing of Saint Francis

May the Lord bless you. May the Lord keep you. May He show His face to you and have mercy. May He turn to you His countenance and give you peace.

What is the prayer of St Francis for the sick? ›

SCRIPTURAL LITANY FOR THE SICK

The Lord is my light and my salvation; whom should I fear? God is our refuge and our strength, an ever present help in distress. Bless the Lord, O my soul; and forget not all his benefits. I myself am the living bread come down from heaven.

What is a simple prayer for the sick and dying? ›

Almighty, eternal God, heavenly Father, comfort and strengthen this your servant and save them through your goodness. Deliver them from all anguish and distress, release them in your grace, and take them to yourself in your kingdom; through Jesus Christ your dear Son, our only Lord Savior, and Redeemer. Amen.

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